English

Alum (double sulphate of potassium and aluminum)

Alternative forms

• alumn

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ləm/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈæ.ləm/

Noun

alum ‎(plural alums)

1. An astringent salt, usually occurring in the form of pale crystals, much used in the dyeing and tanning trade and in certain medicines, and now understood to be a double sulphate of potassium and aluminium (K₂SO₄.Al₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O). [from 14th c.]
   • 1991, Felix Gilbert, The Pope, His Banker, and Venice, page 80,

     Venice also needed alum for trade, since it was the point of departure for overland transportation of alum to southern Germany and its cloth-manufacturing Free Cities.

   • 2011, Thomas Penn, Winter King, Penguin 2012, p. 201:

     A natural astringent and antiseptic, potassium alum was coveted for its medicinal and cosmetic properties.

2. (chemistry) Any similar double sulphate in which either or both of the potassium and aluminium is wholly or partly replaced by other univalent or tervalent cations. [from 17th c.]
   • 1807, William Nicholson (editor), A Journal of Natural Philosophy, Chemistry, and the Arts, Volume XVIII, page 286,

     With weld and cochineal, which are colouring matters the most sensible to the action of sulphate of iron, the purified alums gave us colours more brilliant, fresh, and in a slight degree lighter; while those with our common alums were all duller, and evidently of a deeper hue.

   • 2000 June, Competition Science Vision, page 486,

     For similar reasons, aluminium sulphate and alums are used in dyeing cloth. […] Normally alums are soluble in water and insoluble in alcohols.

   • 2005, Amit Arora, Text Book Of Inorganic Chemistry, page 386,

     In structure, the alums consist of simple ions, being not complexes, but double salts. Potash alum or potassium alum is the common alum, with the formula KAl(SO₄)₂.12H₂O) which, for convenience, may be written K₂SO₄.Al₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O

Synonyms

• (double sulphate of potassium and aluminum): potash alum

Derived terms

Related terms

• aluminiferous, aluniferous
• aluminiform
• aluminilite
• aluminise, aluminize
• aluminite
• aluminous
• alunite
• alunogen

Translations

Verb

alum ‎(third-person singular simple present alums, present participle aluming, simple past and past participle alumed)

1. (transitive) To steep in, or otherwise impregnate with, a solution of alum; to treat with alum.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Ure to this entry?)

Derived terms

• unalumed

Etymology 2

From alumnus and alumna, by removal of the non-native, gender-specific endings.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /əˈlʌm/

Noun

alum ‎(plural alums)

1. (US) A graduate of a university or other institution.
   • 1961 Spring, Anchora of Delta Gamma, Volume LXXVII, No. 3, page 59,

     Evanston-North Shore alums are happy to open their homes to Sigma actives for special social events.

   • 2006, Ted Hart, James M. Greenfield, Pamela M. Gignac, Christopher Carnie, Major Donors: Finding Big Gifts in Your Database and Online, page 47,

     You'll remember that we're starting with a list of slightly over 7,000 names that are alums (most of them over 50) that we'd like to whittle down to a manageable list of prospects.

   • 2009, Timothy C. Jacobson, Charity & Merit: Trinity School at 300, page 190,

     All schools that last have alums, and, ancient as it was by American standards, Trinity by mid-century had thousands.

See also

• apjohnite
• bosjemanite
• halotrichite
• kalinite
• websterite

Anagrams

• luma, maul

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ālu ‎(“esculent root”), uncertainly reconstructed. Related only to Sanskrit आलु ‎(ālu, “esculent root”), whence Hindi आलु ‎(ālu, “potato, yam”), and the culinary borrowing, English aloo ‎(“potato”) and Latin allium ‎(“garlic”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈa.lum/, [ˈa.ɫũ]

Noun

alum n ‎(genitive alī); second declension

1. A plant, the comfrey

Inflection

Second declension.

References

• Félix Gaffiot (1934), “alum”, in Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Paris: Hachette.
• alum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Latvian

Noun

alum m

1. dative singular form of alus

Old French

Alternative forms

• allum
• alun

Etymology

Latin alūmen.

Noun

alum m ‎(oblique plural aluns, nominative singular aluns, nominative plural alum)

1. alum

Descendants

• English: alum
• French: alun

References

• alum on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub