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Definition 2024

brunir

brunir

See also: bruñir

French

Verb

brunir

  1. to brown (to become brown)
  2. to burnish (to polish gold or silver etc)

Conjugation

This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

  Conjugation of brunir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive brunir avoir bruni
gerund en brunissant en ayant bruni
present participle brunissant
/bʁy.ni.sɑ̃/
past participle bruni
/bʁy.ni/
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il nous vous ils
simple
tenses		 present brunis
/bʁy.ni/ 		brunis
/bʁy.ni/ 		brunit
/bʁy.ni/ 		brunissons
/bʁy.ni.sɔ̃/ 		brunissez
/bʁy.ni.se/ 		brunissent
/bʁy.nis/
imperfect brunissais
/bʁy.ni.sɛ/ 		brunissais
/bʁy.ni.sɛ/ 		brunissait
/bʁy.ni.sɛ/ 		brunissions
/bʁy.ni.sjɔ̃/ 		brunissiez
/bʁy.ni.sje/ 		brunissaient
/bʁy.ni.sɛ/
past historic1 brunis
/bʁy.ni/ 		brunis
/bʁy.ni/ 		brunit
/bʁy.ni/ 		brunîmes
/bʁy.nim/ 		brunîtes
/bʁy.nit/ 		brunirent
/bʁy.niʁ/
future brunirai
/bʁy.ni.ʁe/ 		bruniras
/bʁy.ni.ʁa/ 		brunira
/bʁy.ni.ʁa/ 		brunirons
/bʁy.ni.ʁɔ̃/ 		brunirez
/bʁy.ni.ʁe/ 		bruniront
/bʁy.ni.ʁɔ̃/
conditional brunirais
/bʁy.ni.ʁɛ/ 		brunirais
/bʁy.ni.ʁɛ/ 		brunirait
/bʁy.ni.ʁɛ/ 		brunirions
/bʁy.ni.ʁjɔ̃/ 		bruniriez
/bʁy.ni.ʁje/ 		bruniraient
/bʁy.ni.ʁɛ/
compound
tenses		 present perfect Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
past anterior1 Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle
future perfect Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
conditional perfect Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il que nous que vous qu’ils
simple
tenses		 present brunisse
/bʁy.nis/ 		brunisses
/bʁy.nis/ 		brunisse
/bʁy.nis/ 		brunissions
/bʁy.ni.sjɔ̃/ 		brunissiez
/bʁy.ni.sje/ 		brunissent
/bʁy.nis/
imperfect1 brunisse
/bʁy.nis/ 		brunisses
/bʁy.nis/ 		brunît
/bʁy.ni/ 		brunissions
/bʁy.ni.sjɔ̃/ 		brunissiez
/bʁy.ni.sje/ 		brunissent
/bʁy.nis/
compound
tenses		 past Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect1 Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
— brunis
/bʁy.ni/ 		— brunissons
/bʁy.ni.sɔ̃/ 		brunissez
/bʁy.ni.se/ 		—
1literary tenses

Old French

Alternative forms

Verb

brunir

  1. to polish (of metal, to clean and make shiny)

Descendants

References

  • (fr) Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (brunir, supplement)

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Portuguese bronir, from Old Provençal brunir, from Frankish *brūnjan ‎(“to polish, make resplendent”), from Proto-Germanic *brūnijaną ‎(“to decorate, tan”), from Proto-Germanic *brūnaz ‎(“brown”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHn- ‎(“grey, brown”).

Pronunciation

  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /bɾu.ˈniɾ/
  • Hyphenation: bru‧nir

Verb

brunir ‎(first-person singular present indicative bruno, past participle brunido)

  1. to burnish
  2. to smooth
  3. (Portugal) to iron (to unwrinkle clothes with an iron)

Conjugation

Synonyms

Etymology

From Middle French, from Old French brunir ‎(“to polish, make brown”), from Frankish *brūnjan ‎(“to polish, make resplendent”), from Proto-Germanic *brūnijaną ‎(“to decorate, tan”), from Proto-Germanic *brūnaz ‎(“brown”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHn- ‎(“grey, brown”). Cognate with Middle High German brūnen ‎(“to decorate, give colour to, redden, tan”). More at brown.

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