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Definition 2024
céler
céler
See also: celer
French
Verb
céler
- (transitive) Obsolete form of celer.
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated like céder. It is a regular -er verb, except that its last stem vowel alternates between /e/ (written ‘é’) and /ɛ/ (written ‘è’), with the latter being used before mute ‘e’. One special case is the future stem, used in the future and the conditional. Before 1990, the future stem of such verbs was written céler-, reflecting the historic pronunciation /e/. In 1990, the French Academy recommended that it be written cèler-, reflecting the now common pronunciation /ɛ/, thereby making this distinction consistent throughout the conjugation (and also matching in this regard the conjugations of verbs like lever and jeter). Both spellings are in use today, and both are therefore given here.
Conjugation of céler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | céler | avoir célé | |||||
| gerund | en célant | en ayant célé | |||||
| present participle | célant /se.lɑ̃/ |
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| past participle | célé /se.le/ |
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| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | cèle /sɛl/ |
cèles /sɛl/ |
cèle /sɛl/ |
célons /se.lɔ̃/ |
célez /se.le/ |
cèlent /sɛl/ |
| imperfect | célais /se.lɛ/ |
célais /se.lɛ/ |
célait /se.lɛ/ |
célions /se.ljɔ̃/ |
céliez /se.lje/ |
célaient /se.lɛ/ |
|
| past historic1 | célai /se.le/ |
célas /se.la/ |
céla /se.la/ |
célâmes /se.lam/ |
célâtes /se.lat/ |
célèrent /se.lɛʁ/ |
|
| future | cèlerai or célerai /sɛl.ʁe/ |
cèleras or céleras /sɛl.ʁa/ |
cèlera or célera /sɛl.ʁa/ |
cèlerons or célerons /sɛl.ʁɔ̃/ |
cèlerez or célerez /sɛl.ʁe/ |
cèleront or céleront /sɛl.ʁɔ̃/ |
|
| conditional | cèlerais or célerais /sɛl.ʁɛ/ |
cèlerais or célerais /sɛl.ʁɛ/ |
cèlerait or célerait /sɛl.ʁɛ/ |
cèlerions or célerions /sɛ.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
cèleriez or céleriez /sɛ.lə.ʁje/ |
cèleraient or céleraient /sɛl.ʁɛ/ |
|
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | cèle /sɛl/ |
cèles /sɛl/ |
cèle /sɛl/ |
célions /se.ljɔ̃/ |
céliez /se.lje/ |
cèlent /sɛl/ |
| imperfect1 |
célasse /se.las/ |
célasses /se.las/ |
célât /se.la/ |
célassions /se.la.sjɔ̃/ |
célassiez /se.la.sje/ |
célassent /se.las/ |
|
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | cèle /sɛl/ |
— | célons /se.lɔ̃/ |
célez /se.le/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||