From Proto-Germanic*ardiz, *arduz, *arþuz, from Proto-Indo-European*h₂erh₃-(“to plough”). Cognate with Old Saxon ard, Old High German art (German Art). The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin arare, Ancient Greek ἀρόω(aróō), Old East Slavic орати(orati), whence Russian орать(orat’).