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Definition 2024
excéder
excéder
See also: exceder
French
Verb
excéder
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated like céder. It is a regular -er verb, except that its last stem vowel alternates between /e/ (written ‘é’) and /ɛ/ (written ‘è’), with the latter being used before mute ‘e’. One special case is the future stem, used in the future and the conditional. Before 1990, the future stem of such verbs was written excéder-, reflecting the historic pronunciation /e/. In 1990, the French Academy recommended that it be written excèder-, reflecting the now common pronunciation /ɛ/, thereby making this distinction consistent throughout the conjugation (and also matching in this regard the conjugations of verbs like lever and jeter). Both spellings are in use today, and both are therefore given here.
Conjugation of excéder (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | excéder | avoir excédé | |||||
| gerund | en excédant | en ayant excédé | |||||
| present participle | excédant /ɛk.se.dɑ̃/ |
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| past participle | excédé /ɛk.se.de/ |
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| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | excède /ɛk.sɛd/ |
excèdes /ɛk.sɛd/ |
excède /ɛk.sɛd/ |
excédons /ɛk.se.dɔ̃/ |
excédez /ɛk.se.de/ |
excèdent /ɛk.sɛd/ |
| imperfect | excédais /ɛk.se.dɛ/ |
excédais /ɛk.se.dɛ/ |
excédait /ɛk.se.dɛ/ |
excédions /ɛk.se.djɔ̃/ |
excédiez /ɛk.se.dje/ |
excédaient /ɛk.se.dɛ/ |
|
| past historic1 | excédai /ɛk.se.de/ |
excédas /ɛk.se.da/ |
excéda /ɛk.se.da/ |
excédâmes /ɛk.se.dam/ |
excédâtes /ɛk.se.dat/ |
excédèrent /ɛk.se.dɛʁ/ |
|
| future | excèderai or excéderai /ɛk.sɛ.dʁe/ |
excèderas or excéderas /ɛk.sɛ.dʁa/ |
excèdera or excédera /ɛk.sɛ.dʁa/ |
excèderons or excéderons /ɛk.sɛ.dʁɔ̃/ |
excèderez or excéderez /ɛk.sɛ.dʁe/ |
excèderont or excéderont /ɛk.sɛ.dʁɔ̃/ |
|
| conditional | excèderais or excéderais /ɛk.sɛ.dʁɛ/ |
excèderais or excéderais /ɛk.sɛ.dʁɛ/ |
excèderait or excéderait /ɛk.sɛ.dʁɛ/ |
excèderions or excéderions /ɛk.sɛ.də.ʁjɔ̃/ |
excèderiez or excéderiez /ɛk.sɛ.də.ʁje/ |
excèderaient or excéderaient /ɛk.sɛ.dʁɛ/ |
|
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | excède /ɛk.sɛd/ |
excèdes /ɛk.sɛd/ |
excède /ɛk.sɛd/ |
excédions /ɛk.se.djɔ̃/ |
excédiez /ɛk.se.dje/ |
excèdent /ɛk.sɛd/ |
| imperfect1 |
excédasse /ɛk.se.das/ |
excédasses /ɛk.se.das/ |
excédât /ɛk.se.da/ |
excédassions /ɛk.se.da.sjɔ̃/ |
excédassiez /ɛk.se.da.sje/ |
excédassent /ɛk.se.das/ |
|
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | excède /ɛk.sɛd/ |
— | excédons /ɛk.se.dɔ̃/ |
excédez /ɛk.se.de/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||