Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• 𐀷𐀙𐀏 ‎(wa-na-ka)
• ϝάναξ ‎(wánax) Corinthian
• ἀνακός ‎(anakós) unknown

Noun

ἄνᾰξ • ‎(ánax) m ‎(genitive ἄνᾰκτος); third declension

1. lord, king
   1. (of men)
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.442–443

        ὦ Χρύση, πρό μ᾽ ἔπεμψεν ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων
        παῖδά τε σοὶ ἀγέμεν

        Chryses, Agamemnon, king of men, sent me forth
        to bring to you your daughter.

   2. (of gods, often Apollo and Zeus)
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.351

        Ζεῦ ἄνα δὸς τῑ́σασθαι ὅ με πρότερος κάκ' ἔοργε
        δῖον Ἀλέξανδρον, καὶ ἐμῇς ὑπὸ χερσὶ δάμασσον

        O Lord Zeus, grant me to punish the man who first has done me wrong,
        noble Alexander, and beat him down under my hands

      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Homeric Hymn to Apollo 14–15

        χαῖρε, μάκαιρ' ὦ Λητοῖ, ἐπεὶ τέκες ἀγλαὰ τέκνα,
        Ᾱ̓πόλλωνά τ' ἄνακτα καὶ Ἄρτεμιν ῑ̓οχέαιραν,

        Rejoice, blessed Leto, since you have borne glorious children —
        the lord Apollo and Artemis strewer of arrows,

      • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 513

        νῦν δ᾽ αὖτε σωτὴρ ἴσθι καὶ παιώνιος,
        ἄναξ Ἄπολλον.

        But, in other mood, be our preserver and our healer,
        O lord Apollo.

2. master, owner
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.397–398

     αὐτὰρ ἐγὼν οἴκοιο ἄναξ ἔσομ᾽ ἡμετέροιο
     καὶ δμώων, οὕς μοι ληίσσατο δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς.

     [Telemachus:] But I shall be lord of our own house
     and of the slaves that godlike Odysseus won for me."

Usage notes

• Often used to refer to Apollo. The vocative ᾰ̓́νᾰ ‎(ána) is only used in the phrases ὦ ἄνα ‎(ô ána, “O king”) or ὦνα ‎(ôna), and Ζεῦ ἄνα ‎(Zeû ána, “O Zeus”), and always as an address to gods.

Inflection

Derived terms

Synonyms

• (lord, master, king): ᾰ̓́νασσᾰ ‎(ánassa, “queen”) (feminine), βᾰσῐλεύς ‎(basileús), δεσπότης ‎(despótēs), κοίρᾰνος ‎(koíranos), κῡ́ρῐος ‎(kū́rios), μεδέων ‎(medéōn), μέδων ‎(médōn), πρύτᾰνῐς ‎(prútanis)

References

• ἄναξ in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἄναξ in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἄναξ in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• «ἄναξ» in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• «ἄναξ» in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• «ἄναξ» in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (© 2006–2016)
• ἄναξ in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English-Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • chief idem, page 129.
  • king idem, page 469.
  • lord idem, page 500.
  • master idem, page 516.
  • prince idem, page 641.
  • ruler idem, page 726.

1. ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἄναξ, -ακτος [m.]”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 98-99

External links

• Anax on Wikipedia.Wikipedia