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Definition 2024


U+4F51, 佑
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F51

[U+4F50]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4F52]
See also:

Translingual

Han character

(radical 9 +5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人大口 (OKR) or X人大口 (XOKR), four-corner 24260, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 98, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 507
  • Dae Jaweon: page 208, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 131, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+4F51

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*kɯːʔ
*qʰɯːʔ
*qʰʷɯs
*ɢʷɯʔ, *qʷɯ
*ɢʷɯʔ
*ɢʷɯʔ
*ɢʷɯʔ, *ɢʷɯs
*ɢʷɯs
*ɢʷɯs, *ɡʷɯ
*ɢʷɯs
*ɢʷɯs
*ɢʷɯs
*ɢʷɯs
*ɢʷɯs
*ɢʷɯs
*qʰʷɯːʔ
*qʰʷɯːʔ, *ɡʷɯː
*ɡʷɯː
*ɢraːw, *ɢʷɯːʔ
*ɢʷɯʔ
*ɢʷɯʔ
*ɢʷɯʔ
*qʷɯ
*qʷɯ
*ɡʷɯ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢʷɯs) : semantic  + phonetic  (OC *ɢʷɯʔ, *ɢʷɯs).

Etymology

From (OC *ɢʷɯʔ, *ɢʷɯs, “right”).

“Right” and “left” are metaphors for “to assist” via the following semantic development: “left or right” > “to be on the left or right of a person” > “to assist, to help, to protect”.

Compare the derivation of (OC *ʔsaːls, “to assist; to help”) from (OC *ʔsaːlʔ, *ʔsaːls, “left”).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (35)
Final () (136)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦɨuH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦiuH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣiəuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦuwH/
Li
Rong
/ɣiuH/
Wang
Li
/ɣĭəuH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/i̯ə̯uH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yòu
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yòu
Middle
Chinese
‹ hjuwH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ɢ]ʷəʔ-s/
English assist

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 15605
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɢʷɯs/

Definitions

  1. to assist; to help; to protect
  2. A surname.

Compounds

  • 神天福佑
  • 護國佑民护国佑民
  • 鄰佑邻佑

Japanese

Kanji

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

Proper noun

(hiragana ゆう, romaji )

  1. A male given name

Korean

Hanja

(u) (hangeul , revised u, McCune-Reischauer u)

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