Definify.com
Definition 2024
劉
劉
| ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
See also: 刘
Translingual
Han character
劉 (radical 18 刀+13, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹金中弓 (HCLN), four-corner 72100, composition ⿰𨥫刂)
References
- KangXi: page 144, character 39
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2224
- Dae Jaweon: page 325, character 16
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 359, character 4
- Unihan data for U+5289
Chinese
| trad. | 劉 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 刘 | |
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (卯) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 卯 | *mruːʔ |
| 昴 | *mruːʔ |
| 泖 | *mruːʔ |
| 茆 | *mruːʔ, *m·ruʔ |
| 奅 | *m̥ʰruːs |
| 窌 | *m̥ʰruːs, *m·ruː, *m·rus |
| 聊 | *m·rɯːw |
| 貿 | *mlus |
| 鄮 | *mlus |
| 劉 | *m·ru |
| 留 | *m·ru, *m·rus |
| 蒥 | *m·ru |
| 鶹 | *m·ru |
| 騮 | *m·ru |
| 榴 | *m·ru |
| 瑠 | *ru |
| 瘤 | *m·ru, *m·rus |
| 遛 | *m·ru |
| 鎦 | *m·ru |
| 飀 | *m·ru |
| 鰡 | *m·ru |
| 嵧 | *m·ru |
| 餾 | *m·ru, *m·rus |
| 瀏 | *m·ru, *m·ruʔ |
| 懰 | *m·ru, *m·ruʔ |
| 柳 | *m·ruʔ |
| 珋 | *m·ruʔ |
| 罶 | *m·ruʔ |
| 嬼 | *m·ruʔ, *m·rus |
| 溜 | *m·rus |
| 霤 | *m·rus |
| 廇 | *m·rus |
| 塯 | *m·rus |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *m·ru) : phonetic 卯 (OC *mruːʔ) + semantic 金 (“metal”) + semantic 刂 (“knife”).
Often written as 卯 (OC *mruːʔ) in the oracle bone script.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): lau4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): liù
- Min Dong (BUC): làu
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): lieu (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄡˊ
- Wade-Giles: liu2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liou
- IPA (key): /li̯oʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: lau4
- Yale: làuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: lau4
- IPA (key): /lɐu̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liù
- Hakka Romanization System: liuˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: liu2
- IPA: /li̯u¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: làu
- IPA (key): /l̃au⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâu / liû
- Tâi-lô: lâu / liû
- Phofsit Daibuun: laau, liuu
- IPA (Xiamen): /laʊ²⁴/, /liu²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /laʊ²⁴/, /liu²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /laʊ¹³/, /liu¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /laʊ²⁴/, /liu²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /laʊ²³/, /liu²³/
- Note: lâu - vernacular; liû - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: lao5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lâu
- IPA (key): /lau⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: lieu (T3)
- IPA (key): /liɜ²³/
- (Shanghainese)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 劉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 力求切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/lɨu/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/liu/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/liəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/luw/ |
| Li Rong |
/liu/ |
| Wang Li |
/lĭəu/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/li̯ə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
liú |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 劉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
liú |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ ljuw › |
| Old Chinese |
/*mə-ru/ |
| English | kill; surname |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 劉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8881 |
| Phonetic component |
卯 |
| Rime group |
幽 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
劉 |
| Old Chinese |
/*m·ru/ |
Definitions
劉
- † a type of battle axe
- † to kill; to slaughter
- A surname.