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Definition 2025

愾

愾

See also: 忾

Translingual

Han character

愾 (radical 61 心+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 心人弓木 (POND), four-corner 98017, composition ⿰忄氣)

  1. anger, wrath, hatred, enmity

References

  • KangXi: page 397, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11029
  • Dae Jaweon: page 736, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2337, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+613E

Chinese

trad. 愾
simp. 忾

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (气) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
愾 *kʰɯːds, *qʰɯds
忾 *qʰrɯl
刏 *kɯl, *ɡɯl, *kuːls
汽 *kʰɯds
氣 *kʰɯds, *qʰɯds
气 *kʰɯds
忥 *qʰɯds
餼 *qʰɯds
鎎 *qʰɯds
熂 *qʰɯds
霼 *qʰɯds
犔 *qʰɯds

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 愾 愾
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 曉 (32) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 微 (20) 咍 (41)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III I
Fanqie 許旣切 苦蓋切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /hɨiH/ /kʰʌiH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /hɨiH/ /kʰəiH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /xiəiH/ /kʰɒiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /hɨjH/ /kʰəjH/
Li
Rong		 /xiəiH/ /kʰᴀiH/
Wang
Li		 /xĭəiH/ /kʰɒiH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /xe̯iH/ /kʰɑ̆iH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 xì kài
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 愾
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 kài
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ xjɨjH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*qʰəp-s/
English sigh; angry

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 愾 愾
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 10136 10145
Phonetic
component		 气 气
Rime
group		 隊 隊
Rime
subdivision		 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 磕
Old
Chinese		 /*kʰɯːds/ /*qʰɯds/

Definitions

愾

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Compounds

  • 敵愾同仇／敌忾同仇

References

Japanese

Kanji

愾

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Korean

Hanja

愾 • ‎(gae, hui) (hangeul 개, 희, revised gae, hui, McCune-Reischauer kae, hŭi, Yale kay, huy)

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Vietnamese

Han character

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References

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