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Definition 2024

牝

牝

See also: 牡

Translingual

Han character

牝 (radical 93 牛+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 竹手心 (HQP), four-corner 21510, composition ⿰牛匕)

References

  • KangXi: page 697, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19925
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1109, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1800, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+725D

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 牝

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 牝 牝
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 並 (3) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 脂 (15) 眞 (43)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 扶履切 毗忍切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /biɪX/ /biɪnX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /biX/ /binX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /bjɪX/ /bjenX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /biX/ /binX/
Li
Rong		 /biX/ /biĕnX/
Wang
Li		 /biX/ /bĭĕnX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /bʱiX/ /bʱi̯ĕnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 bì bìn
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 牝 牝
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 pìn pìn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ bjijX › ‹ bjinX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[b]irʔ/ (dialect: *-r > *-j) /*[b]irʔ/
English female of animals female of animals

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 牝 牝
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 489 490
Phonetic
component		 匕 匕
Rime
group		 脂 眞
Rime
subdivision		 2 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 牝 牝
Old
Chinese		 /*bilʔ/ /*binʔ/

Definitions

牝

  1. female of species
  2. deep gorge

Japanese

Kanji

牝

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Korean

Hanja

牝 • ‎(bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune-Reischauer pin, Yale pin)

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Vietnamese

Han character

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Etymology

Historical forms of the character 牝
Oracle bone script Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (匕) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
匕 *pilʔ, *hŋʷraːls
庀 *pʰelʔ
疕 *pʰelʔ, *pilʔ, *pʰrilʔ
朼 *pilʔ
牝 *bilʔ, *binʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bilʔ, *binʔ) : semantic 牛 ‎(“cattle”) + phonetic 匕 ‎(OC *pilʔ, *hŋʷraːls).

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