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Definition 2024
硯
硯
See also: 砚
Translingual
Han character
硯 (radical 112 石+7, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一口月山山 (MRBUU), four-corner 16610, composition ⿰石見)
References
- KangXi: page 831, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24233
- Dae Jaweon: page 1247, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2433, character 5
- Unihan data for U+786F
Chinese
| trad. | 硯 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 砚 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˋ
- Wade-Giles: yen4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yann
- IPA (key): /i̯ɛn⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: jin6
- Yale: yihn
- Cantonese Pinyin: jin6
- IPA (key): /jiːn²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yen
- Hakka Romanization System: ien
- Hagfa Pinyim: yan4
- IPA: /i̯en⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yan
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)ian
- Hagfa Pinyim: yan4
- IPA: /(j)i̯an⁵⁵/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: giān
- Tâi-lô: giān
- Phofsit Daibuun: gien
- IPA (Quanzhou): /giɛn⁴¹/
- IPA (Xiamen): /giɛn²²/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /giɛn²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hīⁿ
- Tâi-lô: hīnn
- Phofsit Daibuun: hvi
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hĩ⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /hĩ³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hĩ³³/
- IPA (Xiamen): /hĩ²²/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hĩ²²/
- Note: giān - literary; hīⁿ - vernacular.
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 硯 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ian⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /ian⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /ian⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /iã²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /iã⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ian³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /iã⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /iã²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ian¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /iɛ̃n¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ian²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /niɛn³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /ȵian¹³/ | |
| Guiyang | /nian²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /iɛ̃²¹²/ | |
| Nanjing | /ien⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /iĩ⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ie⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao | /ȵie̞³⁵/ | |
| Hohhot | /ie⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ȵi²³/ |
| Suzhou | /ȵiɪ³¹/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ʔiẽ̞⁴⁴⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /ȵi²²/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /ne²²/ |
| Tunxi | /ȵiɛ¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha |
/ȵiẽ⁵⁵/ /ȵiẽ¹¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /ȵiẽ²¹/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ȵiɛn²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ian⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | /ʒen⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jin²²/ |
| Nanning | /jin²²/ | |
| Hong Kong | /jin²²/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/gian²²/ /hĩ²²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /ŋiɛŋ²¹²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) |
/ŋiŋ⁴⁴/ /miŋ⁴⁴/ 俗 |
|
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /ĩ³¹/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /ŋi²³/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 硯 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 吾甸切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ŋenH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ŋenH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ŋɛnH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ŋɛnH/ |
| Li Rong |
/ŋenH/ |
| Wang Li |
/ŋienH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ŋienH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yàn |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 硯 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
yàn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ ngenH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*C.[ŋ]ˤe[r]-s/ (< uvular) |
| English | smooth stone; inkstone |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 硯 | 硯 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 6196 | 6197 |
| Phonetic component |
見 | 見 |
| Rime group |
元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision |
2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
姸 | 硯 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ŋɡeːn/ | /*ŋɡeːns/ |
Noun
硯
Derived terms
Japanese
Kanji
硯
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
Readings
Compounds
Compounds
|
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 硯 |
|
すずり Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
Noun
硯 (hiragana すずり, romaji suzuri)
Derived terms
Derived terms
|
References
Korean
Hanja
硯 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune-Reischauer yŏn, Yale yen)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
硯 (nghiền, nghiên, nghiễn, nghẽn, khố)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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