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Definition 2025
酵
酵
Translingual
Han character
酵 (radical 164 酉+7, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一田十大木 (MWJKD), four-corner 14647)
References
- KangXi: page 1283, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39868
- Dae Jaweon: page 1783, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3582, character 8
- Unihan data for U+9175
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
酵 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (孝) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 酵 | *kruːs |
| 窙 | *qʰruː |
| 哮 | *qʰruː, *qʰruːs |
| 庨 | *qʰruː |
| 涍 | *qʰruː, *qʰruːs |
| 孝 | *qʰruːs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kruːs) : semantic 酉 (“vase”) + phonetic 孝 (OC *qʰruːs) – fermenting in a vase, making wine. 孝 is composed of “young + old”, hence connotations of “aging (in a vase), fermentation”.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠˋ
- Wade-Giles: chiao4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiaw
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; variant in Mainland)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠˋ
- Wade-Giles: hsiao4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiaw
- IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: gaau3, haau3, haau1
- Yale: gaau, haau, hāau
- Cantonese Pinyin: gaau3, haau3, haau1
- IPA (key): /kɑːu̯³³/, /hɑːu̯³³/, /hɑːu̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kau
- Hakka Romanization System: gau
- Hagfa Pinyim: gau4
- IPA: /ka̯u⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kàⁿ
- Tâi-lô: kànn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kvax
- IPA (Xiamen): /kã²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kã⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kã²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /kã¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kã²¹/
- (Hokkien)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 酵 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 肴 (90) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 古孝切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kˠauH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kᵚauH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kauH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kaɨwH/ |
| Li Rong |
/kauH/ |
| Wang Li |
/kauH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/kauH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
jiào |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 酵 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13766 |
| Phonetic component |
孝 |
| Rime group |
幽 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
敎 |
| Old Chinese |
/*kruːs/ |
Definitions
酵
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Compounds
|
Japanese
Kanji
酵
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
Compounds
Korean
Hanja
酵 • (hyo) (hangeul 효, revised hyo, McCune-Reischauer hyo, Yale hyo)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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