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Definition 2024
雄
雄
Translingual
Han character
雄 (radical 172 隹+4, 12 strokes, cangjie input 大戈人土 (KIOG), four-corner 40014, composition ⿰厷隹)
References
- KangXi: page 1365, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41972
- Dae Jaweon: page 1869, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4093, character 3
- Unihan data for U+96C4
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
雄 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (厷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 肱 | *kʷɯːŋ |
| 宏 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 閎 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 吰 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 竑 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 谹 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 翃 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 紘 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 鈜 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 浤 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 耾 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 雄 | *ɡʷɯŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡʷɯŋ) : phonetic 厷 (OC *kʷɯːŋ) + semantic 隹.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): hung4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hiùng
- Min Dong (BUC): hṳ̀ng
- Min Nan (POJ): hiông / hêng / hîn
- Wu (Wiktionary): hhion (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄥˊ
- Wade-Giles: hsiung2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyong
- IPA (key): /ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: hung4
- Yale: hùhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: hung4
- IPA (key): /hʊŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hiùng
- Hakka Romanization System: hiungˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: hiung2
- IPA: /hi̯uŋ¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hṳ̀ng
- IPA (key): /hyŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiông
- Tâi-lô: hiông
- Phofsit Daibuun: hioong
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɔŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /hiɔŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɔŋ²³/
- IPA (Xiamen): /hiɔŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɔŋ¹³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hêng
- Tâi-lô: hîng
- Phofsit Daibuun: heeng
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɪŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /hiɪŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɪŋ²³/
- IPA (Xiamen): /hiɪŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɪŋ¹³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hîn
- Tâi-lô: hîn
- Phofsit Daibuun: hiin
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hin²⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /hin²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hin²³/
- Note: hiông - literary; hêng/hîn - vernacular.
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: hhion (T3)
- IPA (key): /ɦi̯ʊŋ²³/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 雄 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕyŋ³⁵/ |
| Harbin |
/ɕyŋ²⁴/ /ɕyŋ⁴⁴/ |
|
| Tianjin | /ɕyŋ⁴⁵/ | |
| Jinan | /ɕyŋ⁴²/ | |
| Qingdao | /ɕiŋ⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ɕyuŋ⁴²/ | |
| Xi'an | /ɕyŋ²⁴/ | |
| Xining | /ɕyə̃²⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ɕyŋ⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ɕỹn⁵³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ɕyŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Wuhan | /ɕioŋ²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /ɕyoŋ³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /ɕioŋ²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /ɕiŋ³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /ɕioŋ²⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /ɕiŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ɕyəŋ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /ɕyŋ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /ɕỹŋ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɦioŋ²³/ |
| Suzhou | /ɦioŋ¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ɦioŋ²¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /joŋ³¹/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /ɕyʌ̃⁴⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /ɕin⁴⁴/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ɕioŋ¹³/ |
| Xiangtan | /ɕin¹²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ɕiuŋ⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /hiuŋ¹¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /hioŋ¹¹/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /hoŋ²¹/ |
| Nanning | /huŋ²¹/ | |
| Hong Kong | /huŋ²¹/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/hiɔŋ³⁵/ /hiŋ³⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /hyŋ⁵³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) |
/xœyŋ²¹/ /xœyŋ³³/ |
|
| Shantou (Min Nan) |
/hioŋ⁵⁵/ /heŋ⁵⁵/ |
|
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/hiɔŋ³¹/ /hiaŋ³¹/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 雄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 云 (35) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (2) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 羽弓切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɦɨuŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɦiuŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ɣiuŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɦuwŋ/ |
| Li Rong |
/ɣiuŋ/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɣĭuŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/i̯uŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yóng |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 雄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
xióng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ hjuwng › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[ɢ]ʷəŋ/ |
| English | male |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 雄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4140 |
| Phonetic component |
厷 |
| Rime group |
蒸 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
雄 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ɡʷɯŋ/ |
Definitions
雄
Usage notes
- Commonly used for animals to mean “male” in academic contexts, less commonly used in non-academic contexts (use 公 instead), and not used for humans (use 男 instead). For example:
Antonyms
- 雌 (cí, “female”)
Compounds
Derived terms from 雄
|
|
|
Japanese
Kanji
雄
Readings
- Goon: う (u), ゆ (yu)
- Kan’on: ゆう (yū)
- Kun: おす (osu), お (o)
- Nanori: かつ (katsu), たけ (take), つよし (tsuyoshi), ゆ (yu), よう (yō)
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 雄 |
|
ゆう Grade: S |
| on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 雄 (hjuwng, “male”).
Pronunciation
Noun
- male
- something or someone excellent (male)
- 一世の雄
- issei no yū
- one of the greatest men of his generation
- 一世の雄
Derived terms
Derived terms
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 雄 |
|
お Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
/wo/ → /o/
From Old Japanese. Persists in compounds, such as the first element o- in the modern Japanese term 男 (otoko, “man”).[2][1]
Pronunciation
Alternative forms
Noun
雄 (hiragana お, romaji o, historical hiragana を)
- (obsolete in isolation) man, male
- 711-712, Kojiki (上巻 [Kamitsumaki])
- 汝こそは遠にいませば
- na koso wa o ni imaseba
- As you yourself be male / a man...
- 汝こそは遠にいませば
- 711-712, Kojiki (上巻 [Kamitsumaki])
- (obsolete) husband
- 711-712, Kojiki (上巻 [Kamitsumaki])
- 吾はもよ女にしあれば汝を除て男は無し汝を除て夫は無し
- wa wa moyo me ni shiareba na o kite o wa nashi na o kite tsuma wa nashi
- As I am a woman, without you, there are no husbands. Without you, there are no wives...
- 吾はもよ女にしあれば汝を除て男は無し汝を除て夫は無し
- 711-712, Kojiki (上巻 [Kamitsumaki])
- something large, powerful, or otherwise masculine
- 雄叫び／雄滝／大夫
- otakebi/odaki/masurao
- a war cry / the larger of two waterfalls / manliness
- 雄叫び／雄滝／大夫
- yang (as opposed to yin)
- 女男、陰陽
- meo, meo
- yin-yang (two different kanji spellings, same reading and derivation)
- 女男、陰陽
Usage notes
Not used in isolation in modern Japanese.
Derived terms
Derived terms
|
Antonyms
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 雄 |
|
おす Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
/wosu/ → /osu/
Compound of 雄 (o, “male”) + す (su), but the derivation of the su element is unknown.
Pronunciation
Alternative forms
Noun
雄 (hiragana おす, katakana オス, romaji osu, historical hiragana をす)
Usage notes
This is the most common reading of this term in modern Japanese when used as a standalone noun.
Only used to refer to non-human male organisms. As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana in biological contexts, as オス.
Synonyms
- (human male): 男性 (dansei)
Antonyms
Etymology 4
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 雄 |
|
おん Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
/won/ → /on/
Compound of 雄 (o, “male”) + ん (n). The latter -n element might be a contraction of the possessive particle の (no).
Pronunciation
Alternative forms
Noun
雄 (hiragana おん, romaji on, historical hiragana をん)
Usage notes
Not used in isolation in modern Japanese.
Derived terms
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- ↑ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
Korean
Hanja
雄 • (ung) (hangeul 웅, revised ung, McCune-Reischauer ung, Yale wung)
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Vietnamese
Han character
雄 (hùng)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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