English

Alternative forms

• -le, -al

Suffix

-el

1. Suffix forming nouns, originally denoting an agent, from verbs, usually spelt -le except after n and e.

   runnel, shovel, dotel

2. Diminutive suffix in words of Germanic origin.

   hatchel, hovel, gomeral

Etymology 2

A Middle English merger of the native -le suffix (which was sometimes spelt "-el"), which descends from Old English -el ‎(diminutive suffix), and a borrowing of the Old French -el ‎(diminutive suffix), which is from Latin -ellus ‎(suffix).

Suffix

-el

1. Suffix, originally diminutive, in words of mostly Romance origin.

   cupel, chapel, tunnel

Derived terms

Abenaki

Suffix

-el

1. Used on verbs, together with the prefix k-, to indicate that the first person singular (I) is the actor and the second person singular (you) is the object of the verb.

   n'kezalmô

   I love

   k'kezalmel

   I love you (singular)

Usage notes

The suffix is spelled -ol by some writers.

See also

• -elba

Breton

Etymology

Cf. French -el (e.g. sexuel, individuel, industriel)

Suffix

-el

1. To make an adjective of a noun; -al

   broad ‎(“nation”) + ‎-el → ‎broadel ‎(“national”)

Derived terms

Danish

Suffix

-el

1. -al

Derived terms

Dutch

Suffix

-el

1. -el
2. -elle

Derived terms

Esperanto

Suffix

-el

1. in [...] way

   -el is the ending for correlatives of manner or degree

Derived terms

• kiel: in what way, in what manner, how
• tiel: in that way, in that manner, thus
• ĉiel: in every way, in every manner
• iel: in some way, in some manner, somehow
• neniel: in no way, nohow
• (nonce) aliel: in another way, somehow else

French

Etymology

Inherited from Latin -ālis. Cognate to French -al.

Suffix

-el

1. To make an adjectival form of a noun; -al

   naturel from nature

Derived terms

Descendants

• German: -ell

See also

• -al

Hungarian

Etymology

-e- +‎ -l

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɛl]

Suffix

-el

1. (personal suffix) Used to form the second-person singular present tense of verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz (indicative mood, indefinite conjugation).

   keres ‎(“to seek”) → keresel ‎(“you seek, you are seeking”)

2. (verb suffix) Added to a noun to form a verb.

   ebéd ‎(“lunch”) → ebédel ‎(“to eat lunch”)

3. (noun suffix) Added to a verb to form a noun (no longer productive in this role).

   lep ‎(“to cover”) → lepel ‎(“wrap”)

Usage notes

• (personal suffix) Variants:

  -sz added to verbs not in the categories listed below

  vár ‎(“to wait”) → vársz ‎(“you wait, you are waiting”)

  -asz added to back vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít

  hall ‎(“to hear”) → hallasz ‎(“you hear, you are hearing”)

  tanít ‎(“to teach”) → tanítasz ‎(“you teach, you are teaching”)

  -esz added to front vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít

  dönt ‎(“to decide”) → döntesz ‎(“you decide, you are deciding”)

  segít ‎(“to help”) → segítesz ‎(“you help, you are helping”)

  -ol added to back vowel verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz

  olvas ‎(“to read”) → olvasol ‎(“you read, you are reading”)

  -el added to unrounded front vowel verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz

  vesz ‎(“to buy”) → veszel ‎(“you buy, you are buying”)

  -öl added to rounded front vowel verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz

  főz ‎(“to cook”) → főzöl ‎(“you cook, you are cooking”)

• (verb suffix) Variants:

  -l is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-. Final long vowels may shorten, e.g. ű → ü.

  -ol is added to some back vowel words ending in a consonant

  -al is added to other back vowel words ending in a consonant

  -el is added to unrounded front vowel words ending in a consonant

  -öl is added to rounded front vowel words ending in a consonant

  -ál is added to some back vowel words ending in a consonant

• (noun suffix) Variants:

  -al is added to back vowel words

  -el is added to front vowel words

Derived terms

See also

• Category:Hungarian verb forms
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

Low German

Etymology 1

From Middle Low German -el, from Old Saxon -il ‎(agent suffix), -al ‎(agent suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-ilaz ‎(agent suffix). Cognate with Dutch and German -el, English -le and -el.

Suffix

-el m

1. Suffix forming nouns originally denoting an agent from verbs.

   Lepel, Snavel, Stickel

Etymology 2

From Middle Low German -ling. Result of wrong segmentation of nouns with -el and -ing suffixes. See the English suffix -ling. Akin to English, Dutch and German -ling.

Suffix

-el m

1. A suffix that describes a male person (or other creature) in terms of a place of origin or a quality, as defined by the root to which it is added. Now often replaced by a compound with Jung for a male person, and Deern for a female person such as Lehrjung, Lehrdeern (male/female pupil).

Derived terms

• Bückel
• Stickel

Norman

Etymology

From Old French -el, from Latin -ālis.

Suffix

-el

1. makes an adjectival form of a noun; -al

Derived terms

Old English

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *-a-l-.

Suffix

-el

1. Alternative form of -ol

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *-ilaz ‎(“agent suffix”), from Proto-Indo-European *-(i)lo-, *-(u)lo-, -(e)lā-

Alternative forms

• -il

Suffix

-el m

1. (causes i-mutation) agent and instrumental suffix creating nouns from verbs

   crypel "cripple", from crēopan "to creep"

   bydel "herald, messenger", from bēodan "to command"

   spitel "shovel", from spittan "to dig"

   hlædel "ladle", from hladan "to lade"

   þrīpel "instrument of punishment, cross", from þrēapian "to reprove, reprehend"

Declension

Descendants

• English -le

Old French

Etymology

From Latin -ellus and -ellum.

Suffix

-el

1. Suffix that usually denotes a masculine noun

Descendants

French : -al, -eau, -el

Romanian

Etymology

From Latin -ellus.

Suffix

-el m (plural -ei, feminine -ea, feminine plural -ele)

1. used to form a masculine diminutive of a word (e.g. băiat ‎(“boy”) + ‎-el → ‎băiețel ‎(“little boy”)

Declension

Synonyms

• -uș, -aș, -uț, -șor

Derived terms

Related terms

• -ea

Volapük

Suffix

-el

1. Used to indicate a maker of a certain thing.

Derived terms