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Definition 2024
ruo
ruo
Latin
Verb
ruō (present infinitive ruere, perfect active ruī, supine rutum); third conjugation
- I hurry, rush, hasten, move quickly.
- I collapse, fall down.
- I fail, fall.
- I cast down; I hurl to the ground.
Inflection
| Conjugation of ruo (third conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | ruō | ruis | ruit | ruimus | ruitis | ruunt |
| imperfect | ruēbam | ruēbās | ruēbat | ruēbāmus | ruēbātis | ruēbant | |
| future | ruam | ruēs | ruet | ruēmus | ruētis | ruent | |
| perfect | ruī | ruistī | ruit | ruimus | ruistis | ruērunt, ruēre | |
| pluperfect | rueram | ruerās | ruerat | ruerāmus | ruerātis | ruerant | |
| future perfect | ruerō | rueris | ruerit | ruerimus | rueritis | ruerint | |
| passive | present | ruor | rueris, ruere | ruitur | ruimur | ruiminī | ruuntur |
| imperfect | ruēbar | ruēbāris, ruēbāre | ruēbātur | ruēbāmur | ruēbāminī | ruēbantur | |
| future | ruar | ruēris, ruēre | ruētur | ruēmur | ruēminī | ruentur | |
| perfect | rutus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | rutus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | rutus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | ruam | ruās | ruat | ruāmus | ruātis | ruant |
| imperfect | ruerem | ruerēs | rueret | ruerēmus | ruerētis | ruerent | |
| perfect | ruerim | ruerīs | ruerit | ruerīmus | ruerītis | ruerint | |
| pluperfect | ruissem | ruissēs | ruisset | ruissēmus | ruissētis | ruissent | |
| passive | present | ruar | ruāris, ruāre | ruātur | ruāmur | ruāminī | ruantur |
| imperfect | ruerer | ruerēris, ruerēre | ruerētur | ruerēmur | ruerēminī | ruerentur | |
| perfect | rutus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | rutus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | rue | — | — | ruite | — |
| future | — | ruitō | ruitō | — | ruitōte | ruuntō | |
| passive | present | — | ruere | — | — | ruiminī | — |
| future | — | ruitor | ruitor | — | — | ruuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | ruere | ruisse | rutūrus esse | ruī | rutus esse | rutum īrī | |
| participles | ruēns | — | rutūrus | — | rutus | ruendus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| nominative | genitive | dative/ablative | accusative | accusative | ablative | ||
| ruere | ruendī | ruendō | ruendum | rutum | rutū | ||
Derived terms
Descendants
Etymology 2
From Proto-Indo-European *Hrew- (“to tear out, dig out”). Cognate with Russian рыть (rytʹ).
Verb
ruō (present infinitive ruere); third conjugation, no perfect or supine forms
- I dig out
Derived terms
Usage notes
There has been some confusion between the derivatives of the two verbs.
References
- ruo in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ruo in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- Félix Gaffiot (1934), “ruo”, in Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Paris: Hachette.
- Meissner, Carl; Auden, Henry William (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to be ruined, undone: ad interitum ruere
- to be ruined, undone: ad interitum ruere
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume I, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 326
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill
Mandarin
Romanization
ruo
Usage notes
- English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.
Marshallese
Etymology
From Proto-Oceanic *rua, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *dua, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *dua, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa.
Pronunciation
- MED phonemes: {riwew}
- IPA phonemes: /rˠɨwɜw/
- IPA articulation: [rˠɯ͡uɔɔ̯]
Numeral
ruo
- (cardinal) two