Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἐξῐστάνω ‎(existánō)
• ἐξῐστάω ‎(existáō)

Verb

ἐξῐ́στημῐ • ‎(exístēmi)

1. (transitive) I displace; I change
   • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Cic. 10

     καὶ παντὸς εἶναι τοῦ τολμήσαντος ἐκστῆσαι τὴν πολιτείαν

     and it was in the power of any bold man to overthrow the commonwealth

   1. (figuratively) I drive one out of their senses; I amaze, excite
      • 405 BCE, Euripides, The Bacchae 850

        πρῶτα δ᾽ ἔκστησον φρενῶν

        First drive him out of his senses

      • 50 CE – 100 CE, The Gospel of Luke 24.22

        ἀλλὰ καὶ γυναῖκές τινες ἐξ ἡμῶν ἐξέστησαν ἡμᾶς

        Also, some women of our company amazed us

   2. I get rid of
2. (intransitive)
   1. I am displaced, I make way; I stand aside from
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Sym. 4.31

        καὶ ὁδῶν ἐξίστανται οἱ πλούσιοι

        and rich men stand aside for me on the street

      • 405 BCE, Euripides, The Bacchae 928

        ἀλλ᾽ ἐξ ἕδρας σοι πλόκαμος ἐξέστηχ᾽ ὅδε

        But this lock of hair is displaced

      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.76

        ἐνθαῦτα ἐκστάντες τῆς ὁδοῦ ἐδίδοσαν αὖτις σφίσι λόγους

        Then they argued there, standing beside the road

      1. (with accusative) I shrink from, shun
         • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 82

           φρονοῦντα γάρ νιν οὐκ ἂν ἐξέστην ὄκνῳ

           I would not shrink from him in fear, if he were sane.

      2. I go out of joint
         • 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Aphorisms 6.59

           ἐξίσταται τὸ ἰσχίον, καὶ πάλιν ἐμπίπτει

           if the hip-bone comes out of joint and returns to its socket

   2. (with genitive of object) I retire from, give up possession of
      • 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, First Tetralogy 2.9

        ἁλοὺς μὲν γὰρ τὴν γραφὴν τῆς μὲν οὐσίας ᾔδη ἐκστησόμενος

        If I was convicted on the indictment, I knew that I should be stripped of my property

      1. I abandon
         • 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Accusation of Calumny 18

           ἐγὼ τοίνυν ἑκὼν ὑμῖν ἐξίσταμαι τῆς φιλίας

           I therefore willingly resign your friendship

         • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 907.d

           προαγορεύων ἐξίστασθαι πᾶσι τοῖς ἀσεβέσι τρόπων τῶν αὑτῶν

           forewarning all the impious to quit their ways

      2. I lose, give up
         • 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 477

           ἦ μοι κρεῖττον ἐκστῆναι τὸ παράπαν τοῦ πατρὸς

           it would be better to give up my father completely

      3. I lose my wits; I am distraught, astonished
      4. (absolutive) I change my position or opinion
      5. (language) I am removed from common usage
   3. I stand out, project

Usage notes

The present, imperfect, future, and first aorist active forms govern the transitive senses, while the middle voices, second aorist and active perfect and pluperfect forms govern the intransitive.

Inflection

Derived terms

• ἀντεξῐ́στᾰμαι ‎(antexístamai)
• πᾰρεξῐ́στημῐ ‎(parexístēmi)
• προεξῐ́στᾰμαι ‎(proexístamai)
• προσεξῐ́στημῐ ‎(prosexístēmi)
• σῠνεξῐ́στᾰμαι ‎(sunexístamai)
• ῠ̔πεξῐ́στημῐ ‎(hupexístēmi)

Related terms

• ἔκστᾰσῐς ‎(ékstasis)
• ἐκστᾰτῐκός ‎(ekstatikós)

References

• ἐξίστημι in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἐξίστημι in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• «ἐξίστημι» in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• “G1839”, in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979