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Definition 2024

兮

兮

兮 U+516E, 兮
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-516E
← 六
[U+516D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 兯 →
[U+516F]

Translingual

Han character

兮 (radical 12 八+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 金一女尸 (CMVS), four-corner 80207, composition ⿱八丂)

References

  • KangXi: page 127, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1455
  • Dae Jaweon: page 283, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 241, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+516E

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 兮

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 兮
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
Oracle bone script

j11575

j11576

j11577

j11578

j11579

j11580

j11581

j11582

j11583

j11584

j11585
Bronze inscriptions

b07112

b07113

b07114

b07115

b07116

b07117

b07118
Large seal script

L02483

L02484

L02485
Small seal script

s03508
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (large seal) and
  • Xu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (兮) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
盻 *ŋeːs, *ɢeːs
兮 *ɢeː
枍 *qeːs

Originally the same character as 乎 (OC *ɢaː). The oracle bone form consists of 丂 (“fork in a tree”) and two vertical strokes above; the two strokes are parallel in most oracle bone attestations, possibly representing finer branches (i.e. the sound produced by wind blows past these branches).

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 兮
Mandarin Beijing /ɕi⁵⁵/
Harbin /ɕi⁴⁴/
Tianjin /ɕi²¹/
Jinan /ɕi²¹³/
Qingdao /ɕi²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ɕi²⁴/
Xi'an /ɕi²¹/
Xining /ɕi⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕi¹³/
Lanzhou /ɕi⁵³/
Ürümqi /ɕi⁴⁴/
Wuhan /ɕi⁵⁵/
Chengdu /ɕi⁵⁵/
Guiyang /ɕi⁵⁵/
Kunming /ɕi⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ɕi³¹/
Hefei /sz̩²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕi¹¹/
Pingyao /ɕi¹³/
Hohhot /ɕi³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɕi⁵³/
Suzhou /i⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ɦi²¹³/
Wenzhou /ji³¹/
Hui Shexian /ɕi³¹/
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha /ɕi³³/
Xiangtan /ɕi³³/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /hi⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /hi²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /hɐi²¹/
Nanning /hɐi²¹/
Hong Kong /hɐi²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /he³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /hie⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /xi⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /hi³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /hi²³/
Rime
Character 兮
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 胡雞切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦei/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦei/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣɛi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦɛj/
Li
Rong		 /ɣei/
Wang
Li		 /ɣiei/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣiei/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 xí
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 兮
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 xī
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hej ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡˤe/
English (final particle)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 兮
Reading # 1/1
No. 13231
Phonetic
component		 兮
Rime
group		 支
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 奚
Old
Chinese		 /*ɢeː/

Definitions

兮

  1. Exclamatory particle.

Compounds

  • 伯兮
  • 巧笑倩兮
  • 慘兮兮／惨兮兮
  • 歸去來兮／归去来兮
  • 神經兮兮／神经兮兮
  • 簡兮／简兮
  • 蘀兮
  • 髒兮兮／脏兮兮

Japanese

Kanji

兮

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Korean

Hanja

兮 • ‎(hye) (hangeul 혜, revised hye, McCune-Reischauer hye)

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Vietnamese

Han character

兮 (hề)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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