Definify.com

Definition 2024


See also: , , , and

Translingual

Traditional
Shinjitai
Simplified

Han character

(radical 61 +8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一一心 (MMP), four-corner 10331, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 391, character 25
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10824
  • Dae Jaweon: page 724, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2307, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+60E1

Chinese

trad.
simp.

Pronunciation 1



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 惡 (善)
Mandarin Beijing /ɤ⁵¹/
Harbin /ɤ⁴⁴/
/nɤ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /nɤ⁵³/
Jinan /ŋə²¹³/
Qingdao /və⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ɤ²⁴/
Xi'an /ŋɤ²¹/
Xining /nu⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ə¹³/
Lanzhou /ə¹³/
Ürümqi /ŋɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /uo²¹³/
Chengdu /ŋo³¹/
/o³¹/
Guiyang /ŋo²¹/
Kunming /o³¹/
Nanjing /oʔ⁵/
Hefei /ʐɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /ɣaʔ²/
Pingyao /ŋʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /ŋaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /oʔ⁵/
Suzhou /oʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔoʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /o²¹³/
Hui Shexian /ŋɔʔ²¹/
Tunxi /ŋo⁵/
Xiang Changsha /o²⁴/
Xiangtan /o²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /ŋɔʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /ok̚¹/
Taoyuan /ok̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /ɔk̚³/
Nanning /ɔk̚³³/
Hong Kong /ɔk̚³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /ok̚³²/
/oʔ³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /ɔuʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ɔ²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /ak̚²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ɔk̚⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 3/3
Initial () (34)
Final () (103)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔɑk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔɑk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔak̚/
Li
Rong
/ʔɑk̚/
Wang
Li
/ɑk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʔɑk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
e
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
è
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔak ›
Old
Chinese
/*ʔˤak/
English bad, ugly

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 3/3
No. 14220
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qaːɡ/

Definitions

  1. evil, wicked, mean, bad, foul
    Antonyms: (shàn)
    /    è   malicious
    經常終於犯事 [MSC, trad.]
    经常终于犯事 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā jīngcháng zuòè, zhè huí zhōngyú fànshì le. [Pinyin]
    He often does bad things and has finally been caught.

Pronunciation 2



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/3
Initial () (34)
Final () (23)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔuoH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔuoH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔoH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔɔH/
Li
Rong
/ʔoH/
Wang
Li
/uH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʔuoH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔuH ›
Old
Chinese
/*ʔˤak-s/
English hate (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/3
No. 14219
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qaːɡs/

Definitions

  1. to hate; to loathe
    /    yàn   to loathe

Pronunciation 3


Rime
Character
Reading # 1/3
Initial () (34)
Final () (23)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔuo/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔuo/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔo/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔɔ/
Li
Rong
/ʔo/
Wang
Li
/u/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʔuo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/3
No. 14217
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qaː/

Definitions

  1. Interjection used to express surprise: oh; ah

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings


Korean

Hanja

(ak, o) (hangeul 악, , revised ak, o, McCune-Reischauer ak, o, Yale ak, o)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

  • 악감 [惡感]
  • 악감정 [惡感情]
  • 악과 [惡果]
  • 악기 [惡氣]
  • 악설 [惡說, 惡舌]

Vietnamese

Han character

(ác, )

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.