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Definition 2024

淒慘

淒慘

See also: 凄惨 and 凄慘

Chinese

		intense cold; mournful	miserable; wretched; cruel miserable; wretched; cruel; inhuman; seriously; badly; tragic
trad. (淒慘/悽慘)		淒/悽	慘
simp. (凄惨)		凄	惨

Adjective

淒慘

miserable

Pronunciation

Mandarin

(Pinyin): qīcǎn

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄘㄢˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cai¹ caam²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhî-chhám
Min Nan (POJ): chhi-chhám

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
  - Pinyin: qīcǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄘㄢˇ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chitsaan
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ t͡sʰa̠n²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: cai¹ caam²
  - Yale: chāi cháam
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsai¹ tsaam²
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑːm³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhî-chhám
  - Hakka Romanization System: qi´ cam`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: qi¹ cam³
  - IPA: /t͡ɕʰi²⁴ t͡sʰam³¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhi-chhám
  - Tâi-lô: tshi-tshám
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chizharm
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰam⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰi³³ t͡sʰam⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰam⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰam⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰam⁴¹/