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Definition 2025
獨
獨
See also: 独
Translingual
Han character
獨 (radical 94 犬+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 大竹田中戈 (KHWLI), four-corner 46227, composition ⿰犭蜀)
References
- KangXi: page 719, character 25
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20725
- Dae Jaweon: page 1130, character 23
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1372, character 3
- Unihan data for U+7368
Chinese
trad. | 獨 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 独 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 獨
| |
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Large seal script | Small seal script |
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Characters in the same phonetic series (蜀) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Old Chinese | |
襡 | *toːʔ, *toːɡs, *doːʔ, *doːɡ, *djoɡ |
噣 | *toːɡs, *tuɡs, *rtoːɡ, *tjoɡ |
斣 | *toːɡs |
歜 | *sdoːmʔ, *tʰjoɡ |
斀 | *rtoːɡ |
孎 | *rtoːɡ, *toɡ |
濁 | *rdoːɡ |
鐲 | *rdoːɡ, *zroːɡ, *djoɡ |
鸀 | *rdoːɡ, *tjoɡ |
擉 | *sʰroːɡ |
獨 | *doːɡ |
髑 | *doːɡ |
韣 | *doːɡ, *tjoɡ, *djoɡ |
斸 | *toɡ |
钃 | *toɡ |
欘 | *toɡ |
躅 | *doɡ |
蠋 | *doɡ, *tjoɡ |
燭 | *tjoɡ |
囑 | *tjoɡ |
矚 | *tjoɡ |
屬 | *tjoɡ, *djoɡ |
属 | *tjoɡ, *djoɡ |
蠾 | *tjoɡ, *djoɡ |
觸 | *tʰjoɡ |
臅 | *tʰjoɡ |
觕 | *sʰlaː, *zlaːʔ, *tʰjoɡ |
蜀 | *djoɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *doːɡ) : semantic 犬 + phonetic 蜀 (OC *djoɡ).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄨˊ
- Wade-Giles: tu2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dwu
- IPA (key): /tu³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: duk6
- Yale: duhk
- Cantonese Pinyin: duk9
- IPA (key): /tʊk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ta̍k / to̍k
- Tâi-lô: ta̍k / to̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: dak, dok
- IPA (Xiamen): /tak̚⁴/, /tɔk̚⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tak̚²⁴/, /tɔk̚²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tak̚¹²¹/, /tɔk̚¹²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /tak̚⁴/, /tɔk̚⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tak̚⁴/, /tɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien)
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 獨 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
Final (韻) | 屋 (3) |
Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Open |
Division (等) | I |
Fanqie | 徒谷切 |
Reconstructions | |
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/duk̚/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/duk̚/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/duk̚/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/dəwk̚/ |
Li Rong |
/duk̚/ |
Wang Li |
/duk̚/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/dʱuk̚/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
dú |
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
---|---|
Character | 獨 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
dú |
Middle Chinese |
‹ duwk › |
Old Chinese |
/*[d]ˤok/ |
English | alone; only |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
---|---|
Character | 獨 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
No. | 11818 |
Phonetic component |
蜀 |
Rime group |
屋 |
Rime subdivision |
0 |
Corresponding MC rime |
獨 |
Old Chinese |
/*doːɡ/ |
Definitions
獨
Compounds
Derived terms from 獨
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Japanese
Kanji
獨
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 独)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
Korean
Hanja
獨 • (dok) (hangeul 독, revised dok, McCune-Reischauer tok, Yale tok)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Vietnamese
Han character
獨 (độc, dọc)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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