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Definition 2025
菊
菊
Translingual
Han character
菊 (radical 140 艸+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿心火木 (TPFD), four-corner 44927, composition ⿱艹匊)
References
- KangXi: page 1037, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31153
- Dae Jaweon: page 1495, character 19
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3238, character 1
- Unihan data for U+83CA
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
菊 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 菊
|
|---|
| Small seal script |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (匊) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 菊 | *kuɡ |
| 鞠 | *kuɡ, *kʰuɡ, *ɡuɡ |
| 掬 | *kluɡ |
| 匊 | *kluɡ |
| 鵴 | *kuɡ, *ɡuɡ |
| 椈 | *kuɡ |
| 諊 | *kuɡ |
| 踘 | *kuɡ, *ɡuɡ |
| 趜 | *kuɡ, *ɡuɡ |
| 蘜 | *kuɡ |
| 鞫 | *kuɡ |
| 巈 | *kuɡ |
| 麴 | *kʰuɡ |
| 毱 | *ɡuɡ |
| 驧 | *ɡuɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kuɡ) : semantic 艸 + phonetic 匊 (OC *kluɡ).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): guk1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiuk
- Min Dong (BUC): gé̤ṳk
- Min Nan (POJ): kak / kek / kiok
- Wu (Wiktionary): jyq (T4); jioq (T4)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄩˊ
- Wade-Giles: chü2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyu
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕy³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: guk1
- Yale: gūk
- Cantonese Pinyin: guk7
- IPA (key): /kʊk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiuk
- Hakka Romanization System: giug`
- Hagfa Pinyim: giug5
- IPA: /ki̯uk̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gé̤ṳk
- IPA (key): /køyʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kak / kek / kiok
- Tâi-lô: kak / kik / kiok
- Phofsit Daibuun: kag, keg, kiog
- IPA (Xiamen): /kak̚³²/, /kiɪk̚³²/, /kiɔk̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kak̚⁵/, /kiɪk̚⁵/, /kiɔk̚⁵/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kak̚³²/, /kiɪk̚³²/, /kiɔk̚³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /kak̚³²/, /kiɪk̚³²/, /kiɔk̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kak̚³²/, /kiɪk̚³²/, /kiɔk̚³²/
- Note: kak - vernacular; kiok - literary.
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: jyq (T4); jioq (T4)
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕɥ̯ɪʔ⁵⁵/, /t͡ɕi̯ʊʔ⁵⁵/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 菊 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕy³⁵/ |
| Harbin | /t͡ɕy⁴⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /t͡ɕy²¹/ | |
| Jinan | /t͡ɕy²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕy²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /t͡ɕy²¹/ | |
| Xining | /t͡ɕy⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /t͡ɕy¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /t͡ɕy¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡ɕy²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡ɕy²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /t͡ɕy³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡ɕiu²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /t͡ɕi³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /t͡ɕyʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡ɕyəʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕyəʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡ɕʰyʌʔ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡ɕyəʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai |
/t͡ɕioʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕyɪʔ⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /t͡ɕioʔ⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡sz̩ʷəʔ⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /t͡ɕɤu²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕiuʔ²¹/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡ɕiu⁵/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕy²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡ɕiəɯ²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕiuʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kʰiuk̚¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /kʰiuk̚²²/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kok̚⁵/ |
| Nanning | /****̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /****̚⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/kiɔk̚³²/ /kik̚³²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /køyʔ²³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /ky²⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /kik̚²/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /kiak̚⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 菊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 屋 (4) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 居六切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kɨuk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kiuk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kiuk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kuwk̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/kiuk̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/kĭuk̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ki̯uk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
ju |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 菊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7005 |
| Phonetic component |
匊 |
| Rime group |
覺 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
菊 |
| Old Chinese |
/*kuɡ/ |
Definitions
菊
Compounds
|
Japanese
Kanji
菊
Readings
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 菊 |
|
きく Grade: S |
| on'yomi |
Pronunciation
Noun
Compounds
- 延命菊 (enmeigiku, “daisy”)
- 菊科 (kikuka, “Asteraceae”)
- 菊花 (kikuka, “chrysanthemum flower”)
- 春菊 (shungiku, “garland chrysanthemum”)
- 雛菊 (hinagiku, “daisy”)
Synonyms
- 河原艾 (kawarayomogi)
- 河原薺蒿 (kawaraohagi)
Proper noun
菊 (hiragana きく, romaji Kiku)
- A female given name
References
Korean
Hanja
菊 • (guk) (hangeul 국, revised guk, McCune-Reischauer ****, Yale kwuk)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
菊 (cúc)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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