葡萄牙
Ateji, from Chinese 葡萄牙
葡萄牙 (katakana ポルトガル, romaji Porutogaru)
From Portuguese Portugal or Latin Portugallia, possibly via Min Nan 葡萄牙 (Phû-tô-gâ). The selection of 葡萄 (pútáo, “grape”) in the phonetic transcription alludes to the importance of viniculture to the early Portuguese missionaries to China, who used grapes to make sacramental wine (葡萄酒 (pútáojiǔ)).
Compare 西班牙 (Xībānyá, “Spain”).