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Definition 2024
蔡
蔡
Translingual
Han character
蔡 (radical 140 艸+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿月人火 (TBOF), four-corner 44901, composition ⿱艹祭)
Derived characters
References
- KangXi: page 1055, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31818
- Dae Jaweon: page 1517, character 17
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3282, character 10
- Unihan data for U+8521
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
蔡 |
---|
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (祭) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
---|---|
Old Chinese | |
蔡 | *sʰlaːds |
瘵 | *ʔsreːds |
祭 | *ʔsreːds, *ʔsleds |
際 | *ʔsleds |
穄 | *ʔsleds |
鰶 | *ʔsleds |
傺 | *hr'eds |
摖 | *sʰleːds |
擦 | *sʰlaːd |
攃 | *sʰlaːd, *saːd |
礤 | *sʰlaːd |
察 | *sʰreːd |
詧 | *sʰreːd, *sʰeːd |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄞˋ
- Wade-Giles: ts'ai4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsay
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: coi3
- Yale: choi
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsoi3
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhai
- Hakka Romanization System: cai
- Hagfa Pinyim: cai4
- IPA: /t͡sʰa̯i⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhòa / chhài
- Tâi-lô: tshuà / tshài
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhoax, zhaix
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰua²¹/, /t͡sʰaɪ²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰua⁴¹/, /t͡sʰaɪ⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰua²¹/, /t͡sʰaɪ²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰua¹¹/, /t͡sʰaɪ¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰua²¹/, /t͡sʰaɪ²¹/
- (Hokkien)
- Dialectal data▼
Variety | Location | 蔡 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡sʰai⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /t͡sʰai⁵³/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡sʰai⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /t͡sʰɛ²¹/ | |
Qingdao | /t͡sʰɛ⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /t͡sʰai³¹²/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡sʰai⁴⁴/ | |
Xining | /t͡sʰɛ²¹³/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡sʰɛ¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /t͡sʰɛ¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡sʰai²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡sʰai³⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡sʰai¹³/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡sʰai²¹³/ | |
Kunming | /t͡sʰæ²¹²/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡sʰae⁴⁴/ | |
Hefei | /t͡sʰe̞⁵³/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰai⁴⁵/ |
Pingyao | /t͡sʰæ³⁵/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡sʰɛ⁵⁵/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡sʰe³⁵/ |
Suzhou | /t͡sʰɑ⁵¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡sʰe̞⁴⁴⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡sʰa⁴²/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʰɛ³²⁴/ |
Tunxi | /t͡sʰa⁴²/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sʰai⁵⁵/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡sʰai⁵⁵/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sʰai²¹³/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰai⁵³/ |
Taoyuan | /t͡sʰɑi⁵⁵/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sʰɔi³³/ |
Nanning | /t͡sʰɔi³³/ | |
Hong Kong | /t͡sʰɔi³³/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/t͡sʰai²¹/ /t͡sʰua²¹/ |
Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /t͡sʰɑi²¹²/ | |
Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /t͡sʰuɛ³³/ | |
Shantou (Min Nan) | /t͡sʰua²¹³/ | |
Haikou (Min Nan) |
/sai³⁵/ /sua³⁵/ |
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 蔡 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 清 (14) |
Final (韻) | 泰 (25) |
Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
Openness (開合) | Open |
Division (等) | I |
Fanqie | 倉大切 |
Reconstructions | |
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡sʰɑiH/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/t͡sʰɑiH/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/t͡sʰɑiH/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/t͡sʰajH/ |
Li Rong |
/t͡sʰɑiH/ |
Wang Li |
/t͡sʰɑiH/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡sʰɑiH/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
cài |
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
---|---|
Character | 蔡 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
cài |
Middle Chinese |
‹ tshajH › |
Old Chinese |
/*s.r̥̥ˤat-s/ |
English | (name of a state) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
---|---|
Character | 蔡 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
No. | 5836 |
Phonetic component |
祭 |
Rime group |
祭 |
Rime subdivision |
1 |
Corresponding MC rime |
蔡 |
Old Chinese |
/*sʰlaːds/ |
Definitions
蔡
Descendants
- (Hokkien dialect) Tagalog: Chua
Japanese
Kanji
蔡
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Readings
- Goon: さい (sai)
- Kan’on: さい (sai)
- On (unclassified): さつ (satsu)
- Kun: あくた (akuta), おとろえる (otoroeru), へらす (herasu)
Korean
Hanja
蔡 • (chae, sal) (hangeul 채, 살, revised chae, sal, McCune-Reischauer ch'ae, sal, Yale chay, sal)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
蔡 (thái)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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