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Definition 2024

阮

阮	U+962E, 阮 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-962E

← 阭
[U+962D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

阯 →
[U+962F]

Translingual

Han character

阮 (radical 170 阜+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 弓中一一山 (NLMMU), four-corner 7121₁, composition ⿰阝元)

References

KangXi: page 1346, character 18

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41569

Dae Jaweon: page 1848, character 18

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4116, character 6

Unihan data for U+962E

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (元) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
冠	kŋoːn, kŋoːns
莞	kŋoːn, ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋroːnʔ
脘	*ŋkoːnʔ
筦	*ŋkoːnʔ
梡	ŋ̥ʰoːnʔ, ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːnʔ
岏	*ŋoːn
刓	*ŋoːn
园	*ŋoːn
忨	ŋoːn, ŋoːns
蚖	ŋoːn, ŋon
黿	ŋoːn, ŋon
抏	*ŋoːn
玩	*ŋoːns
貦	*ŋoːns
翫	*ŋoːns
妧	*ŋoːns
完	*ɦŋoːn
捖	*ɦŋoːn
垸	ɦŋoːn, ɦŋoːns
綄	ɦŋoːn, ɦŋoːnʔ
院	ɦŋoːn, ɦŋons
皖	ɦŋoːnʔ, ɦŋroːnʔ
晥	*ɦŋoːnʔ
浣	*ɦŋoːnʔ
頑	ŋroːn, ŋroːn
睆	*ɦŋroːnʔ
鯇	*ɦŋroːnʔ
元	*ŋon
沅	*ŋon
芫	*ŋon
杬	*ŋon
邧	ŋon, ŋonʔ
阮	ŋon, ŋonʔ
俒	ɦŋuːn, ɦŋuːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋon, *ŋonʔ) : semantic 阝 + phonetic 元 ‎(OC *ŋon).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		阮

The ruan is named after Chinese scholar 阮咸 (Ruǎn Xián) of the Six Dynasties period, who played this instrument.

Pronunciation

Mandarin

(Pinyin): ruǎn (ruan³)

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄨㄢˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun², jyun⁵
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngiôn
Min Dong (BUC): nuōng / uōng
Min Nan

(Hokkien, POJ): ńg / goán / oán / úiⁿ

(Teochew, Peng'im): nguêng² / nguang²
Wu (Wiktionary): nyyoe (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
  - Pinyin: ruǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄢˇ
  - Wade-Giles: juan³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: roan
  - IPA ^(key): /ʐu̯a̠n²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jyun², jyun⁵
  - Yale: yún, yúhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jyn², jyn⁵
  - IPA ^(key): /jyːn³⁵/, /jyːn¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiôn
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngion´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngion¹
  - IPA: /ɲi̯on²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: nuōng / uōng
  - IPA ^(key): /nˡuoŋ³³/, /uoŋ³³/
  - Note: nuōng - instrument; uōng - surname.
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ńg
  - Tâi-lô: ńg
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngr
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ŋ̍⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ŋ̍⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋ̍⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: goán
  - Tâi-lô: guán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: goarn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /guan⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oán
  - Tâi-lô: uán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oarn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /uan⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /uan⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Yilan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: úiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: uínn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: vuie
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /uĩ⁵³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: nguêng² / nguang²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nguéng / nguáng
  - IPA ^(key): /ŋueŋ⁵²/, /ŋuaŋ⁵²/
  - Note: nguêng2 - Chaozhou; nguang2 - Shantou.
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: nyyoe (T3)
  - IPA ^(key): /ȵyø²³/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 阮
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʐuan²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/ʐuan²¹³/ /yan²¹³/
	Tianjin	/yan¹³/ /ʐuan¹³/
	Jinan	/yã⁵⁵/
	Qingdao	/yã⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʐuan⁵³/
	Xi'an	/vã⁵³/
	Xining	/yã²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʐuan⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/vɛ̃n⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/van⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/yɛn⁴²/
	Chengdu	/zuan⁵³/
	Guiyang	/zuan⁴²/
	Kunming	/ʐuã̠⁵³/
	Nanjing	/ʐuaŋ²¹²/
	Hefei	/ʐʊ̃²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/zuæ̃⁵³/
	Pingyao	/ʐuɑŋ⁵³/
	Hohhot	/ʐuæ̃⁵³/
Wu	Shanghai	/ȵyø²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦiø³¹/
	Hangzhou	/ʔyõ⁵³/
	Wenzhou	/ȵy³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/ne³⁵/
Hui	Tunxi	/yɛ²⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/yẽ⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/yẽ⁴²/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/ŋion³¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jyn³⁵/
	Nanning	/yn²⁴/
	Hong Kong	/jyn³⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/guan⁵³/ /ŋ⁵³/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/ŋuoŋ³²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/nyiŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/uaŋ⁵³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/zuaŋ²¹³/

Middle Chinese: /ŋʉɐn^X/▼

Rime
Character	阮
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	虞遠切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋʉɐn^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋʷiɐn^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiuɐn^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋuan^X/
Li Rong	/ŋiuɐn^X/
Wang Li	/ŋĭwɐn^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋi̯wɐn^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yuǎn

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*ŋonʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	阮
Reading #	2/2
No.	16153
Phonetic component	元
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	阮
Old Chinese	/*ŋonʔ/

Definitions

阮

A surname.
(historical) state of Ruan (a small state during the Shang Dynasty)
(music) ruan

Synonyms

(instrument): 秦琵琶 (qínpípá), 阮咸 (ruǎnxián), 阮琴

Compounds

Derived terms from 阮

中阮 (zhōngruǎn)
低音阮
南阮
南阮北阮

大阮
小阮
撥阮／拨阮
賢阮／贤阮

阮咸 (ruǎnxián)
阮囊羞澀／阮囊羞涩
阮孚蠟屐／阮孚蜡屐
高音阮

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		阮
alt. forms		我㐾

Contraction of 我儂／我侬 (góa-nâng, “we”). See 儂 (“person; pronoun suffix”) for more.

Pronunciation

Min Nan

(Hokkien, POJ): goán / gún

(Teochew, Peng'im): uang² / ung² / ng²

Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Kinmen, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: goán
  - Tâi-lô: guán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: goarn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /guan⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /guan⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /guan⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /guan⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Tainan, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Hsinchu, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gún
  - Tâi-lô: gún
  - Phofsit Daibuun: guon
  - IPA (Xiamen): /gun⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /gun⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /gun⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /gun⁵³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: uang² / ung² / ng²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uáng / úng / ńg
  - IPA ^(key): /uaŋ⁵²/, /uŋ⁵²/, /ŋ⁵²/

Definitions

阮

(Min Nan, exclusive) we; our
(Hokkien) I; my

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 我們 (“we”)
Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		我、吾儕、我等、我曹、我輩
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		我們
Mandarin	Beijing	我們
	Taiwan	我們
	Tianjin	我們
	Jinan	我們、俺們、俺、俺這伙
	Xi'an	我的、我、我們
	Wuhan	我們
	Chengdu	我們
	Yangzhou	我們
	Hefei	我們
Cantonese	Guangzhou	我哋
	Hong Kong	我哋
	Taishan	我
	Yangjiang	偔
Gan	Nanchang	我個裡、我們
Hakka	Meixian	𠊎等人、𠊎等
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	𠊎兜、𠊎等、𠊎兜人、𠊎兜儕、𠊎這兜
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	𠊎等、𠊎等人
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	𠊎兜、𠊎等、𠊎兜人、𠊎兜儕
	Dongshi (Dabu)	吾等、吾這兜、吾這兜人
	Zhuolan (Raoping)	𠊎兜、𠊎等、𠊎兜人、𠊎兜儕
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	𠊎人
Jin	Taiyuan	我們、俺們
Min Bei	Jian'ou	我人、我伙人
Min Dong	Fuzhou	我各儂
Min Nan	Xiamen	阮
	Taipei	阮
	Chaozhou	阮
Wu	Shanghai	阿拉、我伲 dated、伲 dated
	Suzhou	伲
	Wenzhou	我倈
	Ningbo	阿拉、阿
Xiang	Changsha	我們
Xiang	Shuangfeng	我哩、卬哩

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.		阮

Pronunciation

Mandarin

(Pinyin): yuán (yuan²)

(Zhuyin): ㄩㄢˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
  - Pinyin: yuán
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˊ
  - Wade-Giles: yüan²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuan
  - IPA ^(key): /y̯ɛn³⁵/

Middle Chinese: /ŋʉɐn/▼

Rime
Character	阮
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	愚袁切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋʉɐn/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋʷiɐn/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiuɐn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋuan/
Li Rong	/ŋiuɐn/
Wang Li	/ŋĭwɐn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋi̯wɐn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yuán

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*ŋon/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	阮
Reading #	1/2
No.	16152
Phonetic component	元
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	元
Old Chinese	/*ŋon/

Definitions

阮

^†The name of a mountain.
^†Alternative form of 原 (yuán), only used in 五阮關／五阮关.

Japanese

Kanji

阮

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On: げん (gen)

Korean

Hanja

阮 • ‎(wan, won) (hangeul 완, 원, revised wan, won, McCune-Reischauer wan, wŏn, Yale wan, wen)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

Hán Việt: nguyễn, ngán, ngón, ngoãn

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Definify.com

Definition 2024

阮

阮

Translingual

Han character

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Definitions

Synonyms

Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Definitions

Synonyms

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Definitions

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Korean

Hanja

Vietnamese

Han character

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