English

Verb

indurate ‎(third-person singular simple present indurates, present participle indurating, simple past and past participle indurated)

1. to harden or to grow hard
   • 1924, Herman Melville, Billy Budd, London: Constable & Co., Chapter 2,

     The ear, small and shapely, the arch of the foot, the curve in mouth and nostril, even the indurated hand dyed to the orange-tawny of the toucan's bill, a hand telling alike of the halyards and tar-bucket […] all this strangely indicated a lineage in direct contradiction to his lot.

   • 1970, Oliver Sacks, Migraine, London: Picador, 1995, Chapter 1, p. 15,

     The superficial temporal artery (or arteries) may become exquisitely tender to the touch and visibly indurated.

2. to make callous or unfeeling
   • 1801, Helen Maria Williams, Sketches of the State of Manners and Opinions in the French ..., Volume 1

     Oh, no ! it is the curse of revolutionary calamities to indurate the heart — the revolutionary impulse is too swift to admit of a pause at the sight of individual misery — the tempest is too loud to hear the wailings of the wretch that perishes beneath its billows […]

3. to inure; to strengthen; to make hardy or robust
   • 1992, Saul Bellow, "Winter in Tuscany" in It All Adds Up: From the Dim Past to the Uncertain Future, New York: Viking, 1994, p. 257,

     The afternoon was not particularly warm: our noses and eyes were running; his were dry. He was evidently indurated against natural hardships.

Synonyms

• inure

Derived terms

• induration
• indurative

Adjective

indurate ‎(comparative more indurate, superlative most indurate)

1. Hardened, obstinate, unfeeling, callous.

   The doctor removed a lot of indurate skin from his wound.

   • William Tyndale

     Now are they indurate and tough as Pharaoh, and will not bow unto any right way or order.

References

• J[ohn] A. Simpson and E[dward] S. C. Weiner, editors (1989) The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ISBN 978-0-19-861186-8.

Anagrams

• ruinated, urinated

Italian

Verb

indurate

1. second-person plural present indicative of indurare
2. second-person plural imperative of indurare
3. feminine plural of indurato

Anagrams

• denaturi

Latin

Participle

indūrāte

1. vocative masculine singular of indūrātus