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Definition 2024


հաստ

հաստ

Armenian

Adjective

հաստ (hast) (superlative ամենահաստ)

  1. thick
    հաստ գիրքhast girkʿ ― thick book
  2. dense

Declension

Antonyms


Old Armenian

Etymology

Connected with Proto-Germanic *fastuz (fixed, firm, secure), possibly also Sanskrit पस्त्य n (pastyá, stall, stable ← stable habitation), पस्त्या f (pastyā́, homestead, dwelling, household), and usually derived from Proto-Indo-European *pastV- (solid, stable). Kroonen separates the Sanskrit and reconstructs the Proto-Indo-European root for Armenian and Germanic as *pHst-; see *fastuz for more on this.

However, Martirosyan writes: "In view of the limited distribution (see also Salmons apud Mallory/Adams 1997: 204b) and the vowel *-a-, we are hardly dealing with a Proto-Indo-European word. One may posit a European substrate word shared by Armenian, Germanic, possibly also Indo-Aryan. In view of the semantics of the Germanic and Indic cognates, as well as that of Armenian հաստատեմ (hastatem, to affirm, assert, reinforce; to build, found, set up, settle, establish a dwelling place), one may posit a substratum technical term with an original meaning ‘foundation, settlement, fortified dwelling place, fortress’".

Adjective

հաստ (hast) indeclinable

  1. firm, steady, standing still, tough
  2. (dialectal) thick, dense, broad

Noun

հաստ (hast)

  1. firmness, the standing still, strength
    կալ ի հաստիkal i hasti ― to stand firm
    ի հաստոջ պահելi hastoǰ pahel ― to hold fast
    ի հաստոջ ունելi hastoǰ unel ― to preserve, to keep

Declension

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

References

  • Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), հաստ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), հաստ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1977), հաստ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume III, 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, published 1926–1935, page 49ab
  • Pokorny, Julius (1959), “pasto-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume III, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 789
  • Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q., editors (1997) Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 204b
  • Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 201
  • Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 390
  • Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*fastu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 138