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Definition 2025

ὁράω

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ὁρέω ‎(horéō) Ionic
ὄρημι ‎(órēmi) Aeolic
ὁρόω ‎(horóō) Epic

Verb

ὁράω • ‎(horáō)

(intransitive) To look with the eyes [+ εἰς (accusative) = at something or someone]
(intransitive) To be able to see; (with negative) to be unable to see, to be blind
(copulative) To look a certain way [+accusative adjective or adverb]
1. Infinitive is added to an adjective, adverb, and so on to indicate that the description relates to sight: to see, to look at, to behold
  δεινὸς ἰδεῖν‎
  
  deinòs ideîn
  
  horrible to look at
(transitive) To see, perceive, observe [+accusative and participle = someone doing something, that someone is doing something]
(transitive) To find out [+indirect question]
ὅρᾱ εἰ ...‎

hórā ei ...

see if/whether ...
(transitive) To make sure [+infinitive = that ...]
(intransitive and transitive, figuratively) To see with the mind, understand
ὁρᾷς; ὁρᾶτε;‎

horâis; horâte;

Do you see?
(transitive) To provide [+accusative and dative = something for someone]

Usage notes

Along with a few others (λαβέ ‎(labé), ἐλθέ ‎(elthé), εὑρέ ‎(heuré), εἰπέ ‎(eipé)), the aorist imperative has an irregular accent: ἰδέ ‎(idé) and not **ἴδε ‎(**íde). This is not the case in compounds, however.

Inflection

Present: ὁρᾰ́ω, ὁρᾰ́ομαι (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ὁρᾰ́ω	ὁρᾰ́εις	ὁρᾰ́ει	ὁρᾰ́ετον	ὁρᾰ́ετον	ὁρᾰ́ομεν	ὁρᾰ́ετε	ὁρᾰ́ουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ὁρᾰ́ω	ὁρᾰ́ῃς	ὁρᾰ́ῃ	ὁρᾰ́ητον	ὁρᾰ́ητον	ὁρᾰ́ωμεν	ὁρᾰ́ητε	ὁρᾰ́ωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ὁρᾰ́οιμῐ	ὁρᾰ́οις	ὁρᾰ́οι	ὁρᾰ́οιτον	ὁρᾰοίτην	ὁρᾰ́οιμεν	ὁρᾰ́οιτε	ὁρᾰ́οιεν
	imperative		ὅρᾰε	ὁρᾰέτω	ὁρᾰ́ετον	ὁρᾰέτων		ὁρᾰ́ετε	ὁρᾰόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ὁρᾰ́ομαι	ὁρᾰ́ῃ, ὁρᾰ́ει	ὁρᾰ́εται	ὁρᾰ́εσθον	ὁρᾰ́εσθον	ὁρᾰόμεθᾰ	ὁρᾰ́εσθε	ὁρᾰ́ονται
	subjunctive	ὁρᾰ́ωμαι	ὁρᾰ́ῃ	ὁρᾰ́ηται	ὁρᾰ́ησθον	ὁρᾰ́ησθον	ὁρᾰώμεθᾰ	ὁρᾰ́ησθε	ὁρᾰ́ωνται
	optative	ὁρᾰοίμην	ὁρᾰ́οιο	ὁρᾰ́οιτο	ὁρᾰ́οισθον	ὁρᾰοίσθην	ὁρᾰοίμεθᾰ	ὁρᾰ́οισθε	ὁρᾰ́οιντο
	imperative		ὁρᾰ́ου	ὁρᾰέσθω	ὁρᾰ́εσθον	ὁρᾰέσθων		ὁρᾰ́εσθε	ὁρᾰέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ὁρᾰ́ειν				ὁρᾰ́εσθαι
participle	m	ὁρᾰ́ων				ὁρᾰόμενος
	f	ὁρᾰ́ουσᾰ				ὁρᾰομένη
	n	ὁρᾰ́ον				ὁρᾰόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Present: ὁρῶ, ὁρῶμαι (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ὁρῶ	ὁρᾷς	ὁρᾷ	ὁρᾶτον	ὁρᾶτον	ὁρῶμεν	ὁρᾶτε	ὁρῶσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ὁρῶ	ὁρᾷς	ὁρᾷ	ὁρᾶτον	ὁρᾶτον	ὁρῶμεν	ὁρᾶτε	ὁρῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ὁρῴην, ὁρῷμῐ	ὁρῴης, ὁρῷς	ὁρῴη, ὁρῷ	ὁρῷτον, ὁρῴητον	ὁρῴτην, ὁρῳήτην	ὁρῷμεν, ὁρῴημεν	ὁρῷτε, ὁρῴητε	ὁρῷεν, ὁρῴησᾰν
	imperative		ὅρᾱ	ὁρᾱ́τω	ὁρᾶτον	ὁρᾱ́των		ὁρᾶτε	ὁρώντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ὁρῶμαι	ὁρᾷ	ὁρᾶται	ὁρᾶσθον	ὁρᾶσθον	ὁρώμεθᾰ	ὁρᾶσθε	ὁρῶνται
	subjunctive	ὁρῶμαι	ὁρᾷ	ὁρᾶται	ὁρᾶσθον	ὁρᾶσθον	ὁρώμεθᾰ	ὁρᾶσθε	ὁρῶνται
	optative	ὁρῴμην	ὁρῷο	ὁρῷτο	ὁρῷσθον	ὁρῴσθην	ὁρῴμεθᾰ	ὁρῷσθε	ὁρῷντο
	imperative		ὁρῶ	ὁρᾱ́σθω	ὁρᾶσθον	ὁρᾱ́σθων		ὁρᾶσθε	ὁρᾱ́σθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ὁρᾶν				ὁρᾶσθαι
participle	m	ὁρῶν				ὁρώμενος
	f	ὁρῶσᾰ				ὁρωμένη
	n	ὁρῶν				ὁρώμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Present: ὁρῶ, ὁροῦμαι (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ὁρῶ	ὁροῖς	ὁροῖ	ὁροῦτον	ὁροῦτον	ὁροῦμεν	ὁροῦτε	ὁροῦσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ὁρῶ	ὁροῖς	ὁροῖ	ὁρῶτον	ὁρῶτον	ὁρῶμεν	ὁρῶτε	ὁρῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ὁροίην, ὁροῖμῐ	ὁροίης, ὁροῖς	ὁροίη, ὁροῖ	ὁροῖτον, ὁροίητον	ὁροίτην, ὁροιήτην	ὁροῖμεν, ὁροίημεν	ὁροῖτε, ὁροίητε	ὁροῖεν, ὁροίησᾰν
	imperative		ὅρου	ὁρούτω	ὁροῦτον	ὁρούτων		ὁροῦτε	ὁρούντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ὁροῦμαι	ὁροῖ	ὁροῦται	ὁροῦσθον	ὁροῦσθον	ὁρούμεθᾰ	ὁροῦσθε	ὁροῦνται
	subjunctive	ὁρῶμαι	ὁροῖ	ὁρῶται	ὁρῶσθον	ὁρῶσθον	ὁρώμεθᾰ	ὁρῶσθε	ὁρῶνται
	optative	ὁροίμην	ὁροῖο	ὁροῖτο	ὁροῖσθον	ὁροίσθην	ὁροίμεθᾰ	ὁροῖσθε	ὁροῖντο
	imperative		ὁροῦ	ὁρούσθω	ὁροῦσθον	ὁρούσθων		ὁροῦσθε	ὁρούσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ὁροῦν				ὁροῦσθαι
participle	m	ὁρῶν				ὁρούμενος
	f	ὁροῦσᾰ				ὁρουμένη
	n	ὁροῦν				ὁρούμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Present: ὁρέω, ὁρέομαι (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ὁρέω	ὁρέεις	ὁρέει	ὁρέετον	ὁρέετον	ὁρέομεν	ὁρέετε	ὁρέουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ὁρέω	ὁρέῃς	ὁρέῃ	ὁρέητον	ὁρέητον	ὁρέωμεν	ὁρέητε	ὁρέωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ὁρέοιμῐ	ὁρέοις	ὁρέοι	ὁρέοιτον	ὁρεοίτην	ὁρέοιμεν	ὁρέοιτε	ὁρέοιεν
	imperative		ὅρεε	ὁρεέτω	ὁρέετον	ὁρεέτων		ὁρέετε	ὁρεόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ὁρέομαι	ὁρέῃ, ὁρέει	ὁρέεται	ὁρέεσθον	ὁρέεσθον	ὁρεόμεθᾰ	ὁρέεσθε	ὁρέονται
	subjunctive	ὁρέωμαι	ὁρέῃ	ὁρέηται	ὁρέησθον	ὁρέησθον	ὁρεώμεθᾰ	ὁρέησθε	ὁρέωνται
	optative	ὁρεοίμην	ὁρέοιο	ὁρέοιτο	ὁρέοισθον	ὁρεοίσθην	ὁρεοίμεθᾰ	ὁρέοισθε	ὁρέοιντο
	imperative		ὁρέου	ὁρεέσθω	ὁρέεσθον	ὁρεέσθων		ὁρέεσθε	ὁρεέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ὁρέειν				ὁρέεσθαι
participle	m	ὁρέων				ὁρεόμενος
	f	ὁρέουσᾰ				ὁρεομένη
	n	ὁρέον				ὁρεόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Present: ὁρῶ, ὁροῦμαι (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ὁρῶ	ὁρεῖς	ὁρεῖ	ὁρεῖτον	ὁρεῖτον	ὁροῦμεν	ὁρεῖτε	ὁροῦσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ὁρῶ	ὁρῇς	ὁρῇ	ὁρῆτον	ὁρῆτον	ὁρῶμεν	ὁρῆτε	ὁρῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ὁροίην, ὁροῖμῐ	ὁροίης, ὁροῖς	ὁροίη, ὁροῖ	ὁροῖτον, ὁροίητον	ὁροίτην, ὁροιήτην	ὁροῖμεν, ὁροίημεν	ὁροῖτε, ὁροίητε	ὁροῖεν, ὁροίησᾰν
	imperative		ὅρει	ὁρείτω	ὁρεῖτον	ὁρείτων		ὁρεῖτε	ὁρούντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ὁροῦμαι	ὁρεῖ, ὁρῇ	ὁρεῖται	ὁρεῖσθον	ὁρεῖσθον	ὁρούμεθᾰ	ὁρεῖσθε	ὁροῦνται
	subjunctive	ὁρῶμαι	ὁρῇ	ὁρῆται	ὁρῆσθον	ὁρῆσθον	ὁρώμεθᾰ	ὁρῆσθε	ὁρῶνται
	optative	ὁροίμην	ὁροῖο	ὁροῖτο	ὁροῖσθον	ὁροίσθην	ὁροίμεθᾰ	ὁροῖσθε	ὁροῖντο
	imperative		ὁροῦ	ὁρείσθω	ὁρεῖσθον	ὁρείσθων		ὁρεῖσθε	ὁρείσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ὁρεῖν				ὁρεῖσθαι
participle	m	ὁρῶν				ὁρούμενος
	f	ὁροῦσᾰ				ὁρουμένη
	n	ὁροῦν				ὁρούμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ὥρᾰον, ὡρᾰόμην (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ὥρᾰον	ὥρᾰες	ὥρᾰε(ν)	ὡρᾰ́ετον	ὡρᾰέτην	ὡρᾰ́ομεν	ὡρᾰ́ετε	ὥρᾰον
middle/ passive	indicative	ὡρᾰόμην	ὡρᾰ́ου	ὡρᾰ́ετο	ὡρᾰ́εσθον	ὡρᾰέσθην	ὡρᾰόμεθᾰ	ὡρᾰ́εσθε	ὡρᾰ́οντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ὥρων, ὡρώμην (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ὥρων	ὥρᾱς	ὥρᾱ	ὡρᾶτον	ὡρᾱ́την	ὡρῶμεν	ὡρᾶτε	ὥρων
middle/ passive	indicative	ὡρώμην	ὡρῶ	ὡρᾶτο	ὡρᾶσθον	ὡρᾱ́σθην	ὡρώμεθᾰ	ὡρᾶσθε	ὡρῶντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ἑώρᾰον, ἑωρᾰόμην (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἑώρᾰον	ἑώρᾰες	ἑώρᾰε(ν)	ἑωρᾰ́ετον	ἑωρᾰέτην	ἑωρᾰ́ομεν	ἑωρᾰ́ετε	ἑώρᾰον
middle/ passive	indicative	ἑωρᾰόμην	ἑωρᾰ́ου	ἑωρᾰ́ετο	ἑωρᾰ́εσθον	ἑωρᾰέσθην	ἑωρᾰόμεθᾰ	ἑωρᾰ́εσθε	ἑωρᾰ́οντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ἑώρων, ἑωρώμην (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἑώρων	ἑώρᾱς	ἑώρᾱ	ἑωρᾶτον	ἑωρᾱ́την	ἑωρῶμεν	ἑωρᾶτε	ἑώρων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἑωρώμην	ἑωρῶ	ἑωρᾶτο	ἑωρᾶσθον	ἑωρᾱ́σθην	ἑωρώμεθᾰ	ἑωρᾶσθε	ἑωρῶντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Future: ὄψομαι, ὀφθήσομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ὄψομαι	ὄψῃ, ὄψει	ὄψεται	ὄψεσθον	ὄψεσθον	ὀψόμεθᾰ	ὄψεσθε	ὄψονται
middle	optative	ὀψοίμην	ὄψοιο	ὄψοιτο	ὄψοισθον	ὀψοίσθην	ὀψοίμεθᾰ	ὄψοισθε	ὄψοιντο
passive	indicative	ὀφθήσομαι	ὀφθήσῃ	ὀφθήσεται	ὀφθήσεσθον	ὀφθήσεσθον	ὀφθησόμεθᾰ	ὀφθήσεσθε	ὀφθήσονται
passive	optative	ὀφθησοίμην	ὀφθήσοιο	ὀφθήσοιτο	ὀφθήσοισθον	ὀφθησοίσθην	ὀφθησοίμεθᾰ	ὀφθήσοισθε	ὀφθήσοιντο
					middle		passive
infinitive					ὄψεσθαι		ὀφθήσεσθαι
participle	m				ὀψόμενος		ὀφθησόμενος
	f				ὀψομένη		ὀφθησομένη
	n				ὀψόμενον		ὀφθησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: ὤφθην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
passive	indicative	ὤφθην	ὤφθης	ὤφθη	ὤφθητον	ὠφθήτην	ὤφθημεν	ὤφθητε	ὤφθησᾰν
	subjunctive	ὀφθῶ	ὀφθῇς	ὀφθῇ	ὀφθῆτον	ὀφθῆτον	ὀφθῶμεν	ὀφθῆτε	ὀφθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ὀφθείην	ὀφθείης	ὀφθείη	ὀφθεῖτον, ὀφθείητον	ὀφθείτην, ὀφθειήτην	ὀφθεῖμεν, ὀφθείημεν	ὀφθεῖτε, ὀφθείητε	ὀφθεῖεν, ὀφθείησᾰν
	imperative		ὄφθητῐ	ὀφθήτω	ὄφθητον	ὀφθήτων		ὄφθητε	ὀφθέντων
							passive
infinitive							ὀφθῆναι
participle	m						ὀφθείς
	f						ὀφθεῖσᾰ
	n						ὀφθέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: εἶδον, εἰδόμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	εἶδον	εἶδες	εἶδε(ν)	εἴδετον	εἰδέτην	εἴδομεν	εἴδετε	εἶδον
	subjunctive	ἴδω	ἴδῃς	ἴδῃ	ἴδητον	ἴδητον	ἴδωμεν	ἴδητε	ἴδωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἴδοιμῐ	ἴδοις	ἴδοι	ἴδοιτον	ἰδοίτην	ἴδοιμεν	ἴδοιτε	ἴδοιεν
	imperative		ἶδε	ἰδέτω	ἴδετον	ἰδέτων		ἴδετε	ἰδόντων
middle	indicative	εἰδόμην	εἴδου	εἴδετο	εἴδεσθον	εἰδέσθην	εἰδόμεθᾰ	εἴδεσθε	εἴδοντο
	subjunctive	ἴδωμαι	ἴδῃ	ἴδηται	ἴδησθον	ἴδησθον	ἰδώμεθᾰ	ἴδησθε	ἴδωνται
	optative	ἰδοίμην	ἴδοιο	ἴδοιτο	ἴδοισθον	ἰδοίσθην	ἰδοίμεθᾰ	ἴδοισθε	ἴδοιντο
	imperative		ἰδοῦ	ἰδέσθω	ἴδεσθον	ἰδέσθων		ἴδεσθε	ἰδέσθων
		active			middle
infinitive		ἰδεῖν			ἰδέσθαι
participle	m	ἰδών			ἰδόμενος
	f	ἰδοῦσᾰ			ἰδομένη
	n	ἰδόν			ἰδόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Perfect: ἑώρᾱκᾰ, ἑώραμαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἑώρᾱκᾰ	ἑώρᾱκᾰς	ἑώρᾱκε(ν)	ἑωρᾱ́κᾰτον	ἑωρᾱ́κᾰτον	ἑωρᾱ́κᾰμεν	ἑωρᾱ́κᾰτε	ἑωρᾱ́κᾱσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἑωρᾱ́κω	ἑωρᾱ́κῃς	ἑωρᾱ́κῃ	ἑωρᾱ́κητον	ἑωρᾱ́κητον	ἑωρᾱ́κωμεν	ἑωρᾱ́κητε	ἑωρᾱ́κωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἑωρᾱ́κοιμῐ, ἑωρᾱκοίην	ἑωρᾱ́κοις, ἑωρᾱκοίης	ἑωρᾱ́κοι, ἑωρᾱκοίη	ἑωρᾱ́κοιτον	ἑωρᾱκοίτην	ἑωρᾱ́κοιμεν	ἑωρᾱ́κοιτε	ἑωρᾱ́κοιεν
	imperative		ἑώρᾱκε	ἑωρᾱκέτω	ἑωρᾱ́κετον	ἑωρᾱκέτων		ἑωρᾱ́κετε	ἑωρᾱκόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἑώραμαι	ἑώρασαι	ἑώραται	ἑώρασθον	ἑώρασθον	ἑωράμεθᾰ	ἑώρασθε	ἑώρανται
	subjunctive	ἑωραμένος ὦ	ἑωραμένος ᾖς	ἑωραμένος ᾖ	ἑωραμένω ἦτον	ἑωραμένω ἦτον	ἑωραμένοι ὦμεν	ἑωραμένοι ἦτε	ἑωραμένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἑωραμένος εἴην	ἑωραμένος εἴης	ἑωραμένος εἴη	ἑωραμένοι εἴητον/εἶτον	ἑωραμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην	ἑωραμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν	ἑωραμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε	ἑωραμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν
	imperative		ἑώρασο	ἑωράσθω	ἑώρασθον	ἑωράσθων		ἑώρασθε	ἑωράσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἑωρᾱκέναι				ἑώρασθαι
participle	m	ἑωρᾱκώς				ἑωραμένος
	f	ἑωρᾱκυῖᾰ				ἑωραμένη
	n	ἑωρᾱκός				ἑωραμένον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Perfect: ἑόρᾱκᾰ, ἑόραμαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἑόρᾱκᾰ	ἑόρᾱκᾰς	ἑόρᾱκε(ν)	ἑορᾱ́κᾰτον	ἑορᾱ́κᾰτον	ἑορᾱ́κᾰμεν	ἑορᾱ́κᾰτε	ἑορᾱ́κᾱσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἑορᾱ́κω	ἑορᾱ́κῃς	ἑορᾱ́κῃ	ἑορᾱ́κητον	ἑορᾱ́κητον	ἑορᾱ́κωμεν	ἑορᾱ́κητε	ἑορᾱ́κωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἑορᾱ́κοιμῐ, ἑορᾱκοίην	ἑορᾱ́κοις, ἑορᾱκοίης	ἑορᾱ́κοι, ἑορᾱκοίη	ἑορᾱ́κοιτον	ἑορᾱκοίτην	ἑορᾱ́κοιμεν	ἑορᾱ́κοιτε	ἑορᾱ́κοιεν
	imperative		ἑόρᾱκε	ἑορᾱκέτω	ἑορᾱ́κετον	ἑορᾱκέτων		ἑορᾱ́κετε	ἑορᾱκόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἑόραμαι	ἑόρασαι	ἑόραται	ἑόρασθον	ἑόρασθον	ἑοράμεθᾰ	ἑόρασθε	ἑόρανται
	subjunctive	ἑοραμένος ὦ	ἑοραμένος ᾖς	ἑοραμένος ᾖ	ἑοραμένω ἦτον	ἑοραμένω ἦτον	ἑοραμένοι ὦμεν	ἑοραμένοι ἦτε	ἑοραμένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἑοραμένος εἴην	ἑοραμένος εἴης	ἑοραμένος εἴη	ἑοραμένοι εἴητον/εἶτον	ἑοραμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην	ἑοραμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν	ἑοραμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε	ἑοραμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν
	imperative		ἑόρασο	ἑοράσθω	ἑόρασθον	ἑοράσθων		ἑόρασθε	ἑοράσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἑορᾱκέναι				ἑόρασθαι
participle	m	ἑορᾱκώς				ἑοραμένος
	f	ἑορᾱκυῖᾰ				ἑοραμένη
	n	ἑορᾱκός				ἑοραμένον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Perfect: ὄπωπᾰ, ὦμμαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ὄπωπᾰ	ὄπωπᾰς	ὄπωπε(ν)	ὀπώπᾰτον	ὀπώπᾰτον	ὀπώπᾰμεν	ὀπώπᾰτε	ὀπώπᾱσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ὀπώπω	ὀπώπῃς	ὀπώπῃ	ὀπώπητον	ὀπώπητον	ὀπώπωμεν	ὀπώπητε	ὀπώπωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ὀπώποιμῐ, ὀπωποίην	ὀπώποις, ὀπωποίης	ὀπώποι, ὀπωποίη	ὀπώποιτον	ὀπωποίτην	ὀπώποιμεν	ὀπώποιτε	ὀπώποιεν
	imperative		ὄπωπε	ὀπωπέτω	ὀπώπετον	ὀπωπέτων		ὀπώπετε	ὀπωπόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ὦμμαι	ὦψαι	ὦπται	ὦφθον	ὦφθον	ὤμμεθᾰ	ὦφθε	ὤπᾰται
	subjunctive	ὠμμένος ὦ	ὠμμένος ᾖς	ὠμμένος ᾖ	ὠμμένω ἦτον	ὠμμένω ἦτον	ὠμμένοι ὦμεν	ὠμμένοι ἦτε	ὠμμένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
	optative	ὠμμένος εἴην	ὠμμένος εἴης	ὠμμένος εἴη	ὠμμένοι εἴητον/εἶτον	ὠμμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην	ὠμμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν	ὠμμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε	ὠμμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν
	imperative		ὦψο	ὤφθω	ὦφθον	ὤφθων		ὦφθε	ὤφθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ὀπωπέναι				ὦφθαι
participle	m	ὀπωπώς				ὠμμένος
	f	ὀπωπυῖᾰ				ὠμμένη
	n	ὀπωπός				ὠμμένον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Perfect: ὁρώρηκᾰ (Ionic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ὁρώρηκᾰ	ὁρώρηκᾰς	ὁρώρηκε(ν)	ὁρωρήκᾰτον	ὁρωρήκᾰτον	ὁρωρήκᾰμεν	ὁρωρήκᾰτε	ὁρωρήκᾱσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ὁρωρήκω	ὁρωρήκῃς	ὁρωρήκῃ	ὁρωρήκητον	ὁρωρήκητον	ὁρωρήκωμεν	ὁρωρήκητε	ὁρωρήκωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ὁρωρήκοιμῐ, ὁρωρηκοίην	ὁρωρήκοις, ὁρωρηκοίης	ὁρωρήκοι, ὁρωρηκοίη	ὁρωρήκοιτον	ὁρωρηκοίτην	ὁρωρήκοιμεν	ὁρωρήκοιτε	ὁρωρήκοιεν
	imperative		ὁρώρηκε	ὁρωρηκέτω	ὁρωρήκετον	ὁρωρηκέτων		ὁρωρήκετε	ὁρωρηκόντων
		active
infinitive		ὁρωρηκέναι
participle	m	ὁρωρηκώς
	f	ὁρωρηκυῖᾰ
	n	ὁρωρηκός
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Perfect: ὥρηκᾰ (Ionic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ὥρηκᾰ	ὥρηκᾰς	ὥρηκε(ν)	ὡρήκᾰτον	ὡρήκᾰτον	ὡρήκᾰμεν	ὡρήκᾰτε	ὡρήκᾱσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ὡρήκω	ὡρήκῃς	ὡρήκῃ	ὡρήκητον	ὡρήκητον	ὡρήκωμεν	ὡρήκητε	ὡρήκωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ὡρήκοιμῐ, ὡρηκοίην	ὡρήκοις, ὡρηκοίης	ὡρήκοι, ὡρηκοίη	ὡρήκοιτον	ὡρηκοίτην	ὡρήκοιμεν	ὡρήκοιτε	ὡρήκοιεν
	imperative		ὥρηκε	ὡρηκέτω	ὡρήκετον	ὡρηκέτων		ὡρήκετε	ὡρηκόντων
		active
infinitive		ὡρηκέναι
participle	m	ὡρηκώς
	f	ὡρηκυῖᾰ
	n	ὡρηκός
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Perfect: ὥρακᾰ (Doric)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ὥρακᾰ	ὥρακᾰς	ὥρακε(ν)	ὡράκᾰτον	ὡράκᾰτον	ὡράκᾰμεν	ὡράκᾰτε	ὡράκᾱσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ὡράκω	ὡράκῃς	ὡράκῃ	ὡράκητον	ὡράκητον	ὡράκωμεν	ὡράκητε	ὡράκωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ὡράκοιμῐ, ὡρακοίην	ὡράκοις, ὡρακοίης	ὡράκοι, ὡρακοίη	ὡράκοιτον	ὡρακοίτην	ὡράκοιμεν	ὡράκοιτε	ὡράκοιεν
	imperative		ὥρακε	ὡρακέτω	ὡράκετον	ὡρακέτων		ὡράκετε	ὡρακόντων
		active
infinitive		ὡρακέναι
participle	m	ὡρακώς
	f	ὡρακυῖᾰ
	n	ὡρακός
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Pluperfect: ἑωράκειν, ἑωράμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἑωράκειν, ἑωράκη	ἑωράκεις, ἑωράκης	ἑωράκει(ν)	ἑωράκετον	ἑωρακέτην	ἑωράκεμεν	ἑωράκετε	ἑωράκεσᾰν
middle/ passive	indicative	ἑωράμην	ἑώρασο	ἑώρατο	ἑώρασθον	ἑωράσθην	ἑωράμεθᾰ	ἑώρασθε	ἑώραντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

ὅραμα ‎(hórama)
θεωρός ‎(theōrós)

References

ὁράω in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
ὁράω in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
ὁράω in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
«ὁράω» in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
«ὁράω» in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
ὁράω in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
“G3708”, in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979

Etymology

From earlier *ϝοράω ‎(*woráō), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- ‎(“to note, sense”). Cognate with οὖρος ‎(oûros, “watcher, guardian”), ὤρα ‎(ṓra, “care, concern”), English aware ‎(“vigilant, conscious”) and wary ‎(“cautious of danger”), and Latin vereor ‎(“fear”).

Pronunciation

5th BC Attic: IPA: /ho.rá.ɔː/
1st BC Egyptian: IPA: /(h)o.ˈra.o/
4th AD Koine: IPA: /o.ˈra.o/
10th AD Byzantine: IPA: /o.ˈra.o/
15th AD Constantinopolitan: IPA: /o.ˈra.o/

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ὁράω

ὁράω

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Verb

Usage notes

Inflection

Derived terms

References

Etymology

Pronunciation

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