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Definition 2024


ばくはつてき

Translingual

Han character

(radical 170 +7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 弓中十一山 (NLJMU), four-corner 73211, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 1352, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41665
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1854, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4133, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+9662

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*kŋoːn, *kŋoːns
*kŋoːn, *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋroːnʔ
*ŋkoːnʔ
*ŋkoːnʔ
*ŋ̥ʰoːnʔ, *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːnʔ
*ŋoːn
*ŋoːn
*ŋoːn
*ŋoːn, *ŋoːns
*ŋoːn, *ŋon
黿 *ŋoːn, *ŋon
*ŋoːn
*ŋoːns
*ŋoːns
*ŋoːns
*ŋoːns
*ɦŋoːn
*ɦŋoːn
*ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːns
*ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːnʔ
*ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋons
*ɦŋoːnʔ, *ɦŋroːnʔ
*ɦŋoːnʔ
*ɦŋoːnʔ
*ŋroːn, *ŋroːn
*ɦŋroːnʔ
*ɦŋroːnʔ
*ŋon
*ŋon
*ŋon
*ŋon
*ŋon, *ŋonʔ
*ŋon, *ŋonʔ
*ɦŋuːn, *ɦŋuːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋons) : semantic  + phonetic  (OC *ɦŋoːn).

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /yan⁵¹/
Harbin /yan⁵³/
Tianjin /yan⁵³/
Jinan /yã²¹/
Qingdao /yã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /yan³¹²/
Xi'an /yã⁴⁴/
Xining /yã²⁴/
Yinchuan /yan¹³/
Lanzhou /yɛ̃n¹³/
Ürümqi /yan²¹³/
Wuhan /yɛn³⁵/
Chengdu /uan¹³/
/yan¹³/
Guiyang /ian²¹³/
Kunming /iɛ̃²¹²/
Nanjing /yen⁴⁴/
Hefei /yĩ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /ye⁴⁵/
Pingyao /ye̞³⁵/
Hohhot /ye⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ɦyø²³/
Suzhou /ɦiø³¹/
Hangzhou /ɦyõ¹³/
Wenzhou /jy²²/
Hui Shexian /ue²²/
Tunxi /yɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /yẽ⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /yẽ⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /yɵn²¹/
Hakka Meixian /ian⁵³/
Taoyuan /ʒen⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jyn²²/
Nanning /yn³⁵/
Hong Kong /jyn³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /uan²²/
/ĩ²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /iɛŋ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ŋyiŋ³³/
Shantou (Min Nan) /ĩ³¹/
Haikou (Min Nan) /zuaŋ³³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial () (33) (35)
Final () (62) (80)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division () I Chongniu III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦuɑn/ /ɦˠiuᴇnH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦʷɑn/ /ɦʷᵚiɛnH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣuɑn/ /ɣiuænH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦwan/ /ɦwianH/
Li
Rong
/ɣuɑn/ /ɣjuɛnH/
Wang
Li
/ɣuɑn/ /ɣĭwɛnH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɣuɑn/ /i̯wɛnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
huán yuàn
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yuàn
Middle
Chinese
‹ hjwenH ›
Old
Chinese
/*ɢʷra[n]-s/
English wall round a courtyard

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 16131 16144
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3 3
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɦŋoːn/ /*ɦŋons/
Notes

Definitions

  1. courtyard; yard
  2. public or government building; court
    電影 / 电影   diànyǐngyuàn   cinema
    /    yuàn   hospital
       yuàn   law court
  3. institution; academy
    /    xuéyuàn   institute; academy
  4. hospital

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

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Readings

Compounds

Noun

(hiragana いん, romaji in)

  1. (historical) Ex-emperor, ex-empress or entitled as equal-to-emperor/empress in cloister (derived from "mansion"; the highly nobles are not addressed directly, but with their residence as substitution)

Suffix

(hiragana いん, romaji -in)

  1. temple
  2. institution

Korean

Hanja

(won) (hangeul , McCune-Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen)

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Compounds


Vietnamese

Han character

(viện)

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