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Definition 2024


U+540C, 同
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-540C

[U+540B]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+540D]
See also: , , , , , and

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

(radical 30 +3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 月一口 (BMR), four-corner 77220, composition𠮛)

Derived characters

Descendants

References

  • KangXi: page 175, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3294
  • Dae Jaweon: page 389, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 578, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+540C

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*duʔ, *doŋʔ
*tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
*tʰoːŋ, *doːŋs
*tʰoːŋ
*doːŋ
*zlon, *doːŋ
*doːŋ
*doːŋ
*doːŋ, *doːŋs
*doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
*doːŋ, *doːŋs
*doːŋ, *doːŋs
*doːŋ
*doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
*doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
*doːŋ
*doːŋ, *doːŋʔ, *doːŋs
*doːŋ, *doːŋs
*doːŋ
*doːŋ, *doːŋs
*doːŋʔ
*doːŋʔ, *doːŋs
*doːŋs
*doːŋs
*doːŋs
*doːŋs

Ideogrammic compound (會意) :  (all) +  (mouth) – together.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
alt. forms

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (7)
Final () (1)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/duŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/duŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/duŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/dəwŋ/
Li
Rong
/duŋ/
Wang
Li
/duŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/dʱuŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
tóng
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
tóng
Middle
Chinese
‹ duwng ›
Old
Chinese
/*lˤoŋ/
English together, join

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 12446
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*doːŋ/
Notes

Definitions

  1. same; identical
  2. together; with each other
  3. with (indicating accompaniment or relationship)
  4. and; as well as
  5. used to show comparison
  6. (Cantonese) for
Synonyms
  • (and):
Dialectal synonyms of (“and”)
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
Mandarin Beijing
Taiwan
Jinan
Xi'an
Wuhan
Chengdu
Yangzhou
Hefei
Cantonese Guangzhou 同埋
Hong Kong 同埋
Taishan 同埋
Yangjiang
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
Liudui (S. Sixian)
Hsinchu (Hailu)
Dongshi (Dabu)
Zhuolan (Raoping)
Yunlin (Zhao'an)
Jin Taiyuan
Min Bei Jian'ou
Min Dong Fuzhou
Min Nan Quanzhou
Xiamen
Zhangzhou
Taipei
Malaysia
Chaozhou
Wu Shanghai
Suzhou
Wenzhou
Xiang Changsha
Shuangfeng

Compounds

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of – see .
(This character, , is the simplified and variant traditional form of .)
Notes:

Japanese

Kanji

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Kanji in this term
どう
Grade: 2
kan'yōon

Etymology

From Middle Chinese (duwng, same).

Pronunciation

Prefix

(hiragana どう, romaji dō-)

  1. same

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

Korean

Hanja

(dong) (hangeul )

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(đồng, đùng, đang)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

  • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
  • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
  • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm , NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999