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Definition 2025
這
這
See also: 这
Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
Han character
這 (radical 162 辵+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜卜一口 (YYMR), four-corner 30306, composition ⿺辶言)
References
- KangXi: page 1258, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38889
- Dae Jaweon: page 1743, character 15
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3844, character 5
- Unihan data for U+9019
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (言) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 唁 | *ŋrans |
| 這 | *ŋrans |
| 言 | *ŋan |
| 琂 | *ŋan |
| 圁 | *ŋrɯn |
| 誾 | *ŋrɯn |
| 訔 | *ŋrɯn |
| 狺 | *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋrans) : semantic 辶 (“walk”) + phonetic 言 (OC *ŋan).
The character was originally a verb meaning “to meet”, whose modern pronunciation is yàn. It was later borrowed for the proximal demonstrative “this/here”, by a confusion in medieval handwriting with 遮 (zhē, “this”).
Etymology 1
| trad. | 這 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 这 | |
| alt. forms |
遮 archaic 者 archaic 只 archaic 拓 archaic 迓 Hakka |
|
Derived from 者 (OC *tjaːʔ, “one which”), around the Tang Dynasty.
- 者 (OC *tjaːʔ, “one which”) > 者 (MC t͡ɕiaX, “this (possessive case)”) > 者 (MC t͡ɕiaX, “this (general demonstrative)”) > Mandarin 這 (zhè).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ze2, ze3, ze5
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ché / liá / yá
- Min Dong (BUC): ciē
- Min Nan (POJ): chit / che
- Wu (Wiktionary): tse (T2); tseq (T4)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄜˋ
- Wade-Giles: chê4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeh
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂɤ⁵¹/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄟˋ
- Wade-Giles: chei4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jey
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂeɪ̯⁵¹/
- Note: zhèi - colloquial contraction of 這一 (zhèyī), used when it is followed by classifier or numeral + classifier.
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ze2, ze3, ze5
- Yale: jé, je, jéh
- Cantonese Pinyin: dze2, dze3, dze5
- IPA (key): /t͡sɛː³⁵/, /t͡sɛː³³/, /t͡sɛː¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ché / liá / yá
- Hakka Romanization System: ze` / lia` / ia`
- Hagfa Pinyim: ze3 / lia3 / ya3
- IPA: /t͡se³¹/, /li̯a³¹/, /i̯a³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ché / yá
- Hakka Romanization System: ze` / (r)ia`
- Hagfa Pinyim: ze3 / ya3
- IPA: /t͡se³¹/, /(j)i̯a³¹/
- Note: ché - literary. liá and yá may be etymologically unrelated to the Mandarin readings.
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ciē
- IPA (key): /t͡sie³³/
- Note: literary.
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chit / che
- Tâi-lô: tsit / tse
- Phofsit Daibuun: cid, zef
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕit̚³²/, /t͡se⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕit̚⁵/, /t͡se³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕit̚³²/, /t͡se⁴⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕit̚³²/, /t͡se⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕit̚³²/, /t͡se⁴⁴/
- Note: che - refers to singular item in close distance. chit and che may be etymologically unrelated to the Mandarin readings.
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: tse (T2); tseq (T4)
- IPA (key): /t͡sᴇ³⁴/, /t͡səʔ⁵⁵/
- (Shanghainese)
Definitions
這
- this; these
- Synonym of 這樣／这样 (zhèyàng, “like this; such”).
- at this moment; right away; at once
- filler particle usually used when the speaker is tongue-tied.
- meaningless particle in a sentence.
Synonyms
| Dialectal synonyms of 這 (“this”) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | 此、斯 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 這 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 這 |
| Taiwan | 這 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 呢、咿 |
| Hong Kong | 呢、咿 | |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 這 |
| Liudui (S. Sixian) | 這 | |
| Hsinchu (Hailu) | 這 | |
| Dongshi (Dabu) | 這 | |
| Zhuolan (Raoping) | 這 | |
| Yunlin (Zhao'an) | 這 | |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 茲 |
| Min Nan | Quanzhou | 只、這 |
| Xiamen | 這 | |
| Zhangzhou | 這 | |
| Taipei | 這 | |
| Chaozhou | 只 | |
| Shantou | 只 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 搿、迭 old-style、第 obsolete |
See also
- 那 (nà, “that, those”)
Compounds
Derived terms from 這
Etymology 2
| trad. | 這 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 这 | |
| alt. forms | 訝／讶 | |
Original meaning of this character. It is part of the 迎 (OC *ŋaŋ, *ŋraŋs, “to face, to meet”) word family; see there for more.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˋ
- Wade-Giles: yen4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yann
- IPA (key): /i̯ɛn⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: jin6
- Yale: yihn
- Cantonese Pinyin: jin6
- IPA (key): /jiːn²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 這 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (79) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | Chongniu III |
| Fanqie | 魚變切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ŋˠiᴇnH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ŋᵚiɛnH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ŋiænH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ŋianH/ |
| Li Rong |
/ŋjɛnH/ |
| Wang Li |
/ŋĭɛnH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ŋi̯ɛnH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yàn |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 這 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14270 |
| Phonetic component |
言 |
| Rime group |
元 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
彥 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ŋrans/ |
| Notes | 今表近指另爲適（之石切）省文 |
Definitions
這
Korean
Hanja
這 • (jeo, eon) (hangeul 저, 언, revised jeo, eon, McCune-Reischauer chŏ, ŏn, Yale ce, en)
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