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Definition 2024
事
事
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Translingual
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Han character
事 (radical 6 亅+7, 8 strokes, cangjie input 十中中弓 (JLLN), four-corner 50007, composition ⿻亅⿳一口⺕)
References
- KangXi: page 85, character 24
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 241
- Dae Jaweon: page 174, character 15
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 23, character 3
- Unihan data for U+4E8B
Chinese
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simp. and trad. |
事 | |
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| alt. forms |
亊 𠭆 |
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Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 事
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (史) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 吏 | *rɯs |
| 倳 | *ʔsrɯs |
| 剚 | *ʔsrɯs |
| 事 | *ʔsrɯs, *zrɯs |
| 史 | *srɯʔ |
| 使 | *srɯʔ, *srɯs |
| 駛 | *srɯʔ, *srɯs |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): si6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ / se
- Min Dong (BUC): sê̤ṳ
- Min Nan (POJ): sū / sīr / sǐr / tāi
- Wu (Wiktionary): zr (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
- Wade-Giles: shih4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
- IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: si6
- Yale: sih
- Cantonese Pinyin: si6
- IPA (key): /siː²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ / se
- Hakka Romanization System: sii / se
- Hagfa Pinyim: si4 / se4
- IPA: /sɨ⁵⁵/, /se⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sê̤ṳ
- IPA (key): /søy²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Magong, Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sū
- Tâi-lô: sū
- Phofsit Daibuun: su
- IPA (Xiamen): /su²²/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /su²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /su³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /su³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sīr
- Tâi-lô: sīr
- IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sǐr
- Tâi-lô: sǐr
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi
- Tâi-lô: tāi
- Phofsit Daibuun: dai
- IPA (Xiamen): /taɪ²²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /taɪ⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /taɪ²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /taɪ³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /taɪ³³/
- Note: sū/sīr/sǐr - literary; tāi - vernacular (usually written 代).
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Magong, Taichung)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: zr (T3)
- IPA (key): /z̻z̩²³/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 事 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /ʂʐ̩⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /sz̩⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /ʂʐ̩²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /ʂʐ̩⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ʂʐ̩³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /sz̩⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /sz̩²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ʂʐ̩¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ʂʐ̩¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /sz̩²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /sz̩³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /sz̩¹³/ | |
| Guiyang | /sz̩²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /sz̩²¹²/ | |
| Nanjing | /sz̩⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /sz̩⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /sz̩⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao | /sz̩³⁵/ | |
| Hohhot | /sz̩⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zz̩²³/ |
| Suzhou | /zz̩³¹/ | |
| Hangzhou | /zz̩¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /zz̩²²/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /sz̩²²/ |
| Tunxi | /sz̩¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha |
/sz̩⁵⁵/ /sz̩¹¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /sz̩²¹/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /sz̩²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /sz̩⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | /sï⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /si²²/ |
| Nanning | /sz̩²²/ | |
| Hong Kong | /si²²/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /su²²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /søy²⁴²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) |
/su⁴⁴/ /si³³/ 名 /ti⁴⁴/ |
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| Shantou (Min Nan) | /sɯ³¹/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /si³³/ |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 事 | 事 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 莊 (18) | 崇 (20) |
| Final (韻) | 之 (19) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 側吏切 | 鉏吏切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡ʃɨH/ | /d͡ʒɨH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ʈ͡ʂɨH/ | /ɖ͡ʐɨH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡ʃieH/ | /d͡ʒieH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʈ͡ʂɨH/ | /ɖ͡ʐɨH/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡ʃiəH/ | /d͡ʒiəH/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡ʃĭəH/ | /d͡ʒĭəH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ʈ͡ʂiH/ | /ɖ͡ʐʱiH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
zhì | zhì |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 事 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
shì |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ dzriH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[m-s-]rəʔ-s/ |
| English | serve; service, affair |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 事 | 事 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 11485 | 11486 |
| Phonetic component |
史 | 史 |
| Rime group |
之 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
胾 | 事 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ʔsrɯs/ | /*zrɯs/ |
| Notes | 見漢書又作剚倳 | 史吏轉註字 |
Definitions
事
- thing; matter (Classifier: 件 m; 樁／桩 m)
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- 耶和華神對女人說，你作的是什麼事呢？女人說，那蛇引誘我，我就吃了。 [MSC, trad.]
- 耶和华神对女人说，你作的是什么事呢？女人说，那蛇引诱我，我就吃了。 [MSC, simp.]
- Yēhéhuá shén duì nǚrén shuō, nǐ zuò de shì shénme shì ne? Nǚrén shuō, nà shé yǐnyòu wǒ, wǒ jiù chī le. [Pinyin]
- And the Lord God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat.
- 曹雪琴《紅樓夢》（第一零七回）：
-
- task; work; job; career
- misfortune; mishap; accident
- to serve; to attend to someone
- 《新唐書》（卷123）：
- 李嶠，字巨山，趙州贊皇人。早孤，事母孝。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- 李峤，字巨山，赵州赞皇人。早孤，事母孝。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- Lǐ Qiáo, zì Jùshān, Zhàozhōu Zànhuáng rén. Zǎo gū, shì mǔ xiào. [Pinyin]
- Li Qiao, courtesy name Jushan, was a native of Zanhuang, Zhaozhou. His father died when he was young, and he served his mother with with filial piety.
- 《新唐書》（卷123）：
- (dialectal Mandarin) fussy; pernickety; troublesome
Compounds
Derived terms from 事
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Japanese
Kanji
事
Readings
- Goon: じ (ji)
- Kan’on: し (shi)
- Kan’yōon: ず (zu)
- Kun: こと (koto), (rare) つかう (事う, tsukau), (rare) つかえる (事える, tsukaeru)
- Nanori: ろ (ro)
Compounds
Compounds
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anything to avoid trouble
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Etymology
From Old Japanese. Cognate with 言 (koto, “word”). Possibly cognate with Korean 것 (geot).
Pronunciation
Alternative forms
- 縡 (rare)
Noun
- broadly, any abstract thing, affair, matter, or fact
- a thing, occasion, circumstances, detail, particular
- 些細な事だ。
- Sasai na koto da.
- It is a trivial matter.
- いやしくもなすに足る事なら立派にやるだけの価値がある。
- Iyashiku mo nasu ni taru koto nara rippa ni yaru dake no kachi ga aru.
- If a thing is worth doing at all, it is worth doing well.
- 些細な事だ。
- act of (word used for the nominalization of verbs, adjectives, or phrases)
- ある程度まで私はあなたの言う事に賛成です。
- Aru teido made watashi wa anata no iu koto ni sansei desu.
- I agree with what you say to some extent.
- ある程度まで私はあなたの言う事に賛成です。
- (by extension) experience, having been or done (used with がある, ga aru)
- 京都に行った事が有りますか。
- Kyōto ni itta koto ga arimasuka.
- Have you ever been to Kyoto?
- 彼は学校に遅刻する事が有る。
- Kare wa gakkō ni chikoku suru koto ga aru.
- He is sometimes late for school.
- 京都に行った事が有りますか。
- event of special importance: affair, something, incident, case, occurrence, trouble
- 大変な事が起こった。
- Taihen na koto ga okotta.
- A terrible accident occurred.
- 大変な事が起こった。
- business matters, affairs, business, work, duty
- 慌てて事を運ぶとミスをしますよ。
- Awatete koto o hakobu to misu o shimasu yo.
- You make mistakes if you do things in a hurry.
- 慌てて事を運ぶとミスをしますよ。
- a thing, occasion, circumstances, detail, particular
Usage notes
This term is usually written in hiragana. 事 (koto) is used for abstract things, such as an action or concept. 物 (mono) is used for more concrete things, such as physical objects.
Phrases
phrases containing "事"
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Korean
Hanja
事 • (sa) (hangeul 사)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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