Definify.com
Definition 2025
刮
刮
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
See also: 颳
Translingual
Han character
刮 (radical 18 刀+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹口中弓 (HRLN), four-corner 22600, composition ⿰舌刂)
References
- KangXi: page 138, character 29
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1943
- Dae Jaweon: page 314, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 335, character 3
- Unihan data for U+522E
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (桰) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 咶 | *qʰroːds, *qʰroːds, *ɡroːd |
| 話 | *ɡroːds |
| 刮 | *kroːd |
| 鴰 | *kroːd, *koːd |
| 趏 | *kroːd, *kʰroːd |
| 舌 | *ɡroːd, *ɦbljed |
| 姡 | *ɡroːd, *ɡoːd |
| 頢 | *ɡroːd, *koːd |
| 括 | *koːd |
| 活 | *koːd, *ɡoːd |
| 适 | *koːd, *kʰoːd |
| 栝 | *koːd, *l̥ʰeːmʔ |
| 佸 | *koːd, *ɡoːd |
| 髺 | *koːd |
| 聒 | *koːd |
| 銛 | *koːd, *slem, *l̥ʰeːmʔ |
| 葀 | *koːd |
| 懖 | *koːd |
| 筈 | *koːd, *kʰoːd |
| 萿 | *koːd |
| 蛞 | *kʰoːd |
| 闊 | *kʰoːd |
| 秳 | *ɡoːd |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kroːd) : phonetic 𠯑 + semantic 刀 (“knife”).
Etymology 1
|
simp. and trad. |
刮 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gwaat3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): koat
- Min Nan (POJ): koah / koeh
- Wu (Wiktionary): kuaq (T4)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄚ
- Wade-Giles: kua1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gua
- IPA (key): /ku̯a̠⁵⁵/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: gwaat3
- Yale: gwaat
- Cantonese Pinyin: gwaat8
- IPA (key): /kʷɑːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: koat
- Hakka Romanization System: guad`
- Hagfa Pinyim: guad5
- IPA: /ku̯at̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koah / koeh
- Tâi-lô: kuah / kueh
- Phofsit Daibuun: koaq, koeq
- IPA (Xiamen): /kuaʔ³²/, /kueʔ³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kuaʔ⁵/, /kueʔ⁵/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuaʔ³²/, /kueʔ³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /kuaʔ³²/, /kueʔ³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuaʔ³²/, /kueʔ³²/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: kuaq (T4)
- IPA (key): /kɯᴀʔ⁵⁵/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 刮 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /kua⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin |
/kua²¹³/ ~風 /kʰua⁴⁴/ ~鬍子 |
|
| Tianjin | /kuɑ¹³/ | |
| Jinan |
/kua²¹³/ /kʰua²¹³/ ~臉 |
|
| Qingdao |
/kua⁵⁵/ ~風 /kʰua⁵⁵/ ~臉 |
|
| Zhengzhou | /kua²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /kua²¹/ | |
| Xining | /kua⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /kua¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /kua¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /kua²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /kua²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /kua³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /kua²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /kua̠³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /kuɑʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /kuɐʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /kuaʔ²/ |
| Pingyao |
/kuʌʔ¹³/ ~風 /kuɑ¹³/ ~鬍子 |
|
| Hohhot |
/kuaʔ⁴³/ ~風 /kua³¹/ 耳~子 |
|
| Wu | Shanghai | /kuaʔ⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /kuaʔ⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /kuɑʔ⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /ko²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /kuaʔ²¹/ |
| Tunxi | /kuːə⁵/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /kua²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /kuɒ²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /kuaʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kuat̚¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /kuɑt̚²²/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kwat̚³/ |
| Nanning | /kʷat̚³³/ | |
| Hong Kong | /kwat̚³/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/kuat̚³²/ /kuaʔ³²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /kuɑʔ²³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /kua²⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) |
/kuaʔ²/ /kueʔ²/ |
|
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /kuak̚⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 刮 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 黠 (72) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 古䫄切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kˠuat̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kʷᵚat̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kuɐt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kwaɨt̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/kuat̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/kwat̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/kwăt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
gua |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 刮 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
guā |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ kwæt › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[kʷˤ]r[a]t/ |
| English | scrape (v.) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 刮 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7559 |
| Phonetic component |
桰 |
| Rime group |
月 |
| Rime subdivision |
3 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
刮 |
| Old Chinese |
/*kroːd/ |
Definitions
刮
- to shave; to pare off; to scrape
- Alternative form of 颳/刮 (“to blow”).
- to wipe; to wipe clean
- to plunder; to extort
- (colloquial) to reprimand; to scold
Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 刮 – see 颳. (This character, 刮, is the simplified form of 颳.) |
Notes:
|
Japanese
Kanji
刮
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Readings
- On: かつ (katsu), けち (kechi)
- Kun: けずる (kezuru), きさぐ (kisagu), きさげ (kisage), こそぐ (kosogu), こそげる (kosogeru)
Korean
Hanja
刮 • (gwal) (hangeul 괄, revised gwal, McCune-Reischauer kwal)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.