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Definition 2024

活

活

See also: 话 and 㓉

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

活 (radical 85 水+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 水竹十口 (EHJR), four-corner 32164, composition ⿰氵舌)

References

  • KangXi: page 622, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17423
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1018, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1609, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+6D3B

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 活
alt. forms
 
㓉
𣿛
𣴠
𦕾
𣸅
𣽅

Glyph origin

Evolved from 𣴠 or 𣿛: Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *koːd, *ɡoːd) : semantic 氵 ‎(“water”) + phonetic 𠯑 ‎(OC *koːd, *l̥ʰeːmʔ) – sound of running water.

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 活
Mandarin Beijing /xuo³⁵/
Harbin /xuo²⁴/
Tianjin /xuo⁴⁵/
Jinan /xuə⁴²/
Qingdao /xuə⁴²/
Zhengzhou /xuo⁴²/
Xi'an /xuo²⁴/
Xining /xu⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /xuə⁵³/ 幹～
/xuə¹³/ 死～
Lanzhou /xuə⁵³/
Ürümqi /xuɤ⁵¹/
Wuhan /xuo²¹³/
Chengdu /xo³¹/
Guiyang /xo²¹/
Kunming /xo³¹/
Nanjing /xoʔ⁵/
Hefei /xuɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /xuaʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /xuʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /xuaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /ɦuəʔ¹/
Suzhou /ɦuəʔ³/
Hangzhou /ɦuoʔ²/
Wenzhou /ɦo²¹³/
Hui Shexian /xua²²/
/ua²²/
Tunxi /uːə¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /xo²⁴/
Xiangtan /ho²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /uɵʔ²/
Hakka Meixian /fat̚⁵/
Taoyuan /fɑt̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /wut̚²/
Nanning /wut̚²²/
Hong Kong /wut̚²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /huat̚⁵/
/uaʔ⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /uaʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /xua²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /uaʔ⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ua³³/
Rime
Character 活 活
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 末 (64) 末 (64)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 古活切 戸括切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kuɑt̚/ /ɦuɑt̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʷɑt̚/ /ɦʷɑt̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kuɑt̚/ /ɣuɑt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kwat̚/ /ɦwat̚/
Li
Rong		 /kuɑt̚/ /ɣuɑt̚/
Wang
Li		 /kuɑt̚/ /ɣuɑt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kuɑt̚/ /ɣuɑt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 guo huó
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 活
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 huó
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hwat ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ]ʷˤat/
English to live

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 活 活
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 7568 7585
Phonetic
component		 桰 桰
Rime
group		 月 月
Rime
subdivision		 3 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 括 活
Old
Chinese		 /*koːd/ /*ɡoːd/

Definitions

活

  1. to live; to exist
  2. life; existence
  3. to make live; to provide food for
  4. having life; live
  5. lively
  6. flexible; movable
  7. flexible; adaptable; fluid
  8. job; work

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 活 活
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 末 (64) 末 (64)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 古活切 戸括切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kuɑt̚/ /ɦuɑt̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʷɑt̚/ /ɦʷɑt̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kuɑt̚/ /ɣuɑt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kwat̚/ /ɦwat̚/
Li
Rong		 /kuɑt̚/ /ɣuɑt̚/
Wang
Li		 /kuɑt̚/ /ɣuɑt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kuɑt̚/ /ɣuɑt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 guo huó
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 活
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 huó
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hwat ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ]ʷˤat/
English to live

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 活 活
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 7568 7585
Phonetic
component		 桰 桰
Rime
group		 月 月
Rime
subdivision		 3 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 括 活
Old
Chinese		 /*koːd/ /*ɡoːd/

Definitions

活

  1. The sound of running water.

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

活

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Compounds

Kanji in this term
活
かつ
Grade: 2
on'yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 活 ‎(hwat, “to live”).

Pronunciation

Noun

活 ‎(hiragana かつ, romaji katsu)

  1. life

References

  1. ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  2. ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

Korean

Hanja

活 • ‎(hwal, gwal) (hangeul 활, 괄, revised hwal, gwal, McCune-Reischauer hwal, kwal, Yale hwal, kwal)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

活 (hoạt, oặt, oạc)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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