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Definition 2024


Translingual

Stroke order

Alternative forms

  • (when used as a left Chinese radical)

Han character

(radical 85 水+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 水 (E), four-corner 12230)

  1. Kangxi radical #85, (water).

Derived characters

  • Index:Chinese radical/水
  • 尿 𤆩 𤆲

References

  • KangXi: page 603, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17083
  • Dae Jaweon: page 992, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1545, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+6C34

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*qʷljilʔ
*qʰʷljilʔ

Pictogram (象形) – compare .

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʂuei²¹⁴/
Harbin /ʂuei²¹³/
/suei²¹³/
Tianjin /suei¹³/
Jinan /ʂuei⁵⁵/
Qingdao /ʂue⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʂuei⁵³/
Xi'an /fei⁵³/
Xining /fɨ⁵³/
Yinchuan /ʂuei⁵³/
Lanzhou /fei⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /ʂuei⁵¹/
/fei⁵¹/
Wuhan /suei⁴²/
Chengdu /suei⁵³/
Guiyang /suei⁴²/
Kunming /ʂuei⁵³/
Nanjing /ʂuəi²¹²/
Hefei /ʂue²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /suei⁵³/
Pingyao /suei⁵³/
Hohhot /suei⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /sz̩³⁵/
Suzhou /sz̩ʷ⁵¹/
Hangzhou /sz̩ʷei⁵³/
Wenzhou /sz̩³⁵/
Hui Shexian /ɕye³⁵/
/ɕy³⁵/
Tunxi /ɕy³¹/
Xiang Changsha /ɕyei⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ɕyəi⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /sui²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /sui³¹/
Taoyuan /ʃui³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /søy³⁵/
Nanning /sui³⁵/
Hong Kong /søy³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /sui⁵³/
/t͡sui⁵³/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡suoi³²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /sy²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sui⁵³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /sui³¹/
/tui²¹³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (26)
Final () (18)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () Chongniu III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɕˠiuɪX/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɕʷᵚiX/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɕiuɪX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɕjwiX/
Li
Rong
/ɕjuiX/
Wang
Li
/ɕwiX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɕwiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shuǐ
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
shuǐ
Middle
Chinese
‹ sywijX ›
Old
Chinese
/*s.turʔ/ (E dialect: *-r > *-j)
English water; river

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 11948
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qʰʷljilʔ/

Definitions

  1. water
    謝謝 [MSC, trad.]
    谢谢 [MSC, simp.]
    Qǐng gěi wǒ yī bēi shuǐ, xièxiè. [Pinyin]
    A glass of water, please.
  2. liquid; potion; juice
    眼藥 / 眼药   yǎnyàoshuǐ   eyedrop
       kǒushuǐ   saliva
       yángshuǐ   amniotic fluid
  3. river
    /    Hànshuǐ   the Han River
  4. body of water
  5. waterway
  6. flood
  7. additional cost or income
  8. Classifier for the number of times clothing was washed.
  9. A surname.
  10. Sui people
    /    shuǐshū   Shuishu (the traditional writing system of the Sui people)

Compounds

Appendix:Chinese compounds/水

Descendants

Sino-Xenic ():

Japanese

Kanji

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. (cold) water
  2. “water” radical (みず)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term

Grade: 1
kun'yomi

/mi1//mi/

From Old Japanese. Typically found in compounds.[1] May be a contraction of mizu below.

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana , romaji mi)

  1. water
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
みず
Grade: 1
kun'yomi

/mi1du//midu//mid͡zu/mizu/

From Old Japanese. Possibly cognate with Korean (mul, “water”); compare Middle Korean (mil, water).

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana みず, romaji mizu, historical hiragana みづ)

  1. water (cold, fresh)
  2. a fluid; a liquid
  3. a flood
  4. halting in sumo
Derived terms
Idioms

Prefix

(hiragana みず, romaji mizu-, historical hiragana みづ)

  1. water
Related terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
すい
Grade: 1
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (sywijX, water).

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana すい, romaji sui)

  1. one of the five classical elements in traditional Chinese philosophy and medicine: see the "Wu Xing" entry on Wikipedia

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
もい
Grade: 1
Irregular

From the meaning of “that which goes in the (moi, bowl)”.[1][2]

Pronunciation

  • (Irregular reading)
  • IPA(key): [mo̞i]

Noun

(hiragana もい, romaji moi, historical hiragana もひ)

  1. drinking water

References

  1. 1 2 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 1 2 3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9

Korean

Hanja

(su)
Eumhun:

  • Sound (hangeul):  (revised: su, McCune-Reischauer: su, Yale: swu)
  • Name (hangeul):  (revised: mul, McCune-Reischauer: mul, Yale: mul)
  1. ( 수, mul-): water
  2. (as an abbreviation) Wednesday

Compounds


Miyako

Kanji

(mizu, mikɯ) (hiragana みず)

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Japanese (mizu), Old Japanese (midu).

Noun

(mizu, mikɯ) (hiragana みず)

  1. water

References


Mulam

Noun

(nəm4)

  1. water

References


Northern Amami-Oshima

Kanji

(mïzï) (hiragana むぃずぃ)

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Japanese (mizu), Old Japanese (midu).

Noun

(mïzï) (hiragana むぃずぃ)

  1. water

Oki-No-Erabu

Kanji

(miji) (hiragana みじ)

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Japanese (mizu), Old Japanese (midu).

Noun

(miji) (hiragana みじ)

  1. water

Okinawan

Kanji

(miji) (hiragana みじ)

Compounds

Etymology

From earlier 水 (みづ, midzu/midu), attested in 1711 in the Konkoukenshuu (混効験集). The word underwent a pronunciation change due to the shifting of /u/ to /i/ after alveolar consonants. Cognate with mainland Japanese (mizu), Old Japanese (midu).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /mid͡ʑi/

Noun

(miji) (hiragana みじ)

  1. water

Derived terms


Southern Amami-Oshima

Kanji

(mïdi) (hiragana むぃでぃ)

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Japanese (mizu), Old Japanese (midu).

Noun

(mïdi) (hiragana むぃでぃ)

  1. water

Vietnamese

Han character

  1. water

Yonaguni

Kanji

(min) (hiragana みん)

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Japanese (mizu), Old Japanese (midu). Possibly also related to Korean (mul, “water”), Middle Korean (mil, water).

Noun

(min) (hiragana みん)

  1. water

References

  • The Languages of Japan and Korea (2012), section Yonaguni, page 415 (as miɴ)

Yoron

Kanji

(miji) (hiragana みじ)

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Japanese (mizu), Old Japanese (midu). Possibly also related to Korean (mul, “water”), Middle Korean (mil, water).

Noun

(miji) (hiragana みじ)

  1. water

References