Definify.com
Definition 2024
化
化
|
---|
Translingual
Han character
化 (radical 21 匕+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 人心 (OP), four-corner 24210, composition ⿰亻匕)
Derived characters
See also
References
- KangXi: page 152, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2572
- Dae Jaweon: page 342, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 109, character 4
- Unihan data for U+5316
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
化 |
---|
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 化
| ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bamboo and silk script | Large seal script | Small seal script |
Characters in the same phonetic series (化) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
---|---|
Old Chinese | |
訛 | *ŋʷaːl |
吪 | *ŋʷaːl |
鈋 | *ŋʷaːl |
囮 | *lu, *ŋʷaːl |
魤 | *ŋʷaːl |
靴 | *hʷa |
貨 | *hŋʷaːls |
花 | *hʷraː |
化 | *hŋʷraːls |
杹 | *hŋʷraːls |
匕 | *pilʔ, *hŋʷraːls |
Ideogrammic compound (會意) of two 人 (“person”), one upright (亻) and one upside down (𠤎) — reversal; change. Shuowen also considers 𠤎 to be a phonetic component.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): faa3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fa
- Min Dong (BUC): huá
- Min Nan (POJ): hòa / hòe / òa
- Wu (Wiktionary): ho (T2)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄚˋ
- Wade-Giles: hua4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huah
- IPA (key): /xu̯a̠⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: faa3
- Yale: fa
- Cantonese Pinyin: faa3
- IPA (key): /fɑː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fa
- Hakka Romanization System: fa
- Hagfa Pinyim: fa4
- IPA: /fa⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: huá
- IPA (key): /huɑ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hòa / hòe / òa
- Tâi-lô: huà / huè / uà
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoax, hoex, oax
- IPA (Xiamen): /hua²¹/, /hue²¹/, /ua²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hua⁴¹/, /hue⁴¹/, /ua⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hua²¹/, /hue²¹/, /ua²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /hua¹¹/, /hue¹¹/, /ua¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hua²¹/, /hue²¹/, /ua²¹/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: ho (T2)
- IPA (key): /ho³⁴/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
Variety | Location | 化 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /xua⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /xua⁵³/ | |
Tianjin | /xuɑ⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /xua²¹/ | |
Qingdao | /xua⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /xua³¹²/ | |
Xi'an | /xua⁴⁴/ | |
Xining | /xua²¹³/ | |
Yinchuan | /xua¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /xua¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /xua²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /xua³⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /xua¹³/ | |
Guiyang | /xua²¹³/ | |
Kunming | /xua̠²¹²/ | |
Nanjing | /xuɑ⁴⁴/ | |
Hefei | /xua⁵³/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /xua⁴⁵/ |
Pingyao | /xuɑ³⁵/ | |
Hohhot | /xua⁵⁵/ | |
Wu | Shanghai |
/ho³⁵/ /hua³⁵/ |
Suzhou | /ho⁵¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /huɑ⁴⁴⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /ho⁴²/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /xua³²⁴/ |
Tunxi | /xuːə⁴²/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /fa⁵⁵/ |
Xiangtan | /xuɒ⁵⁵/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /fɑ⁴⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /fa⁵³/ |
Taoyuan | /fɑ⁵⁵/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /fa³³/ |
Nanning | /fa³³/ | |
Hong Kong | /fa³³/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/hua²¹/ /hue²¹/ /ua²¹/ |
Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /huɑ²¹²/ | |
Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /xua³³/ | |
Shantou (Min Nan) | /hue²¹³/ | |
Haikou (Min Nan) |
/hua³⁵/ /hue³⁵/ |
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 化 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
Final (韻) | 麻 (99) |
Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
Openness (開合) | Closed |
Division (等) | II |
Fanqie | 呼霸切 |
Reconstructions | |
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/hˠuaH/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/hʷᵚaH/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/xuaH/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/hwaɨH/ |
Li Rong |
/xuaH/ |
Wang Li |
/xwaH/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/xwaH/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
huà |
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
---|---|
Character | 化 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
huà |
Middle Chinese |
‹ xwæH › |
Old Chinese |
/*qʷʰˤ<r>aj-s/ |
English | transform |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
---|---|
Character | 化 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
No. | 5327 |
Phonetic component |
化 |
Rime group |
歌 |
Rime subdivision |
1 |
Corresponding MC rime |
化 |
Old Chinese |
/*hŋʷraːls/ |
Definitions
化
- to change; to transform
- to become; to turn into
- † to die
- to melt
- to dissolve
- Suffix denoting "change into ...". Akin to English -ize and -ization.
- Short for 教化 (jiàohuà, “enlightenment; cultivation”).
- Short for 化學/化学 (huàxué, “chemistry”).
Compounds
Derived terms from 化
|
|
|
Japanese
Kanji
化
Readings
Compounds
Compounds
|
|
|
Suffix
- -ification, action of making something that way
Korean
Hanja
化 • (hwa) (hangeul 화, revised hwa, McCune-Reischauer hwa)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
To Transform
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.