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Definition 2024
尺
尺
See also: 呎
Translingual
Han character
尺 (radical 44 尸+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 尸人 (SO), four-corner 77807)
Derived characters
References
- KangXi: page 299, character 32
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7632
- Dae Jaweon: page 595, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 964, character 2
- Unihan data for U+5C3A
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
尺 | |
|---|---|---|
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ce2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhak
- Min Dong (BUC): chióh / chék
- Min Nan (POJ): chhioh / chhek
- Wu (Wiktionary): tshaq (T4)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔˇ
- Wade-Giles: ch'ih3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyy
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ce2
- Yale: ché
- Cantonese Pinyin: tse2
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰɛː³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhak
- Hakka Romanization System: cag`
- Hagfa Pinyim: cag5
- IPA: /t͡sʰak̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chióh / chék
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰuɔʔ²⁴/, /t͡sʰɛiʔ²⁴/
- Note: chióh - vernacular; chék - literary.
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhioh / chhek
- Tâi-lô: tshioh / tshik
- Phofsit Daibuun: chioiq, zheg
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕʰiɤʔ³²/, /t͡ɕʰiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɤʔ⁵/, /t͡ɕʰiɪk̚⁵/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɤʔ³²/, /t͡ɕʰiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕʰioʔ³²/, /t͡ɕʰiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕʰiɤʔ³²/, /t͡ɕʰiɪk̚³²/
- Note: chhioh - vernacular; chhek - literary.
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: tshaq (T4)
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰᴀʔ⁵⁵/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 尺 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/ |
| Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹³/ | |
| Tianjin | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩¹³/ | |
| Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /tʃʰz̩⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹/ | |
| Xining | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /t͡sʰz̩³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡sʰz̩²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩ʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂʰəʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰəʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /ʈ͡ʂʰʌʔ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡sʰəʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡sʰaʔ⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /t͡sʰɑʔ⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡sʰəʔ⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /t͡sʰei²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰiʔ²¹/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰi⁵/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha |
/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²⁴/ /ʈ͡ʂʰa²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /ʈ͡ʂʰɒ²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sʰɑʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰak̚¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /tʃʰɑk̚²²/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sʰɛk̚³/ |
| Nanning | /t͡sʰɛk̚³³/ | |
| Hong Kong | /t͡sʰɛk̚³/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/t͡sʰik̚³²/ /t͡sʰioʔ³²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /t͡sʰuɔʔ²³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /t͡sʰiɔ²⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /t͡sʰioʔ²/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/sek̚³/ /sio⁵⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 尺 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 昌 (24) |
| Final (韻) | 昔 (123) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 昌石切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡ɕʰiᴇk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/t͡ɕʰiɛk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡ɕʰiæk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/cʰiajk̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡ɕʰiɛk̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡ɕʰĭɛk̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
chi |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 尺 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
chǐ |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tsyhek › |
| Old Chinese |
/*tʰAk/ |
| English | foot (measure) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 尺 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 1461 |
| Phonetic component |
尺 |
| Rime group |
鐸 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
尺 |
| Old Chinese |
/*tʰjaɡ/ |
Definitions
尺
- chi; Chinese foot (a traditional Chinese unit of distance based on the human forearm and equal to 10 cun (寸) or 1/10zhang (丈))
- (Mainland) mainland chi; Chinese foot, standardized in 1984 as 1/3meter
- (Taiwan) Taiwanese foot, standardized as 10/33 meter and identical to the Japanese shaku
- (Hong Kong) chek; Hong Kong foot, standardized as 0.371475 meters
- (informal) imperial foot
- ruler (straightedge) (Classifier: 把)
- tape measure
See also
Compounds
Derived terms from 尺
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Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄜˇ
- Wade-Giles: ch'ê3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chee
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ce2, ce1
- Yale: ché, chē
- Cantonese Pinyin: tse2, tse1
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰɛː³⁵/, /t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chiĕ
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰie⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhe
- Tâi-lô: tshe
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhef
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰe³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien)
Definitions
尺
- (music) Gongche notation of re (2).
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
尺
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
Compounds
- 尺一 (shakuichi): one shaku and one sun
- 尺八 (shakuhachi)
- 尺一 (sekiitsu): in ancient China, the paperboard on which the imperial decree was written, or the imperial decree
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 尺 |
|
しゃく Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 尺 (tsyhek, “foot (measure)”).
Pronunciation
Noun
尺 (hiragana しゃく, romaji shaku, alternative reading せき, romaji seki)
- The shaku, "metal shaku", or Japanese foot: a traditional Japanese unit of length equal to 10 sun (寸) or 1/10jō (丈), standardized as 10/33 of a meter
- 931–938, Wamyō Ruijushō, book 6, page 46:
- 尺 [...] 廣本無上字、説文、尺十寸也、人手却十分動脈爲寸口、十寸爲尺、尺所以指尺規榘事也从尸从乙、乙所識也、今俗呼佐之或呼毛乃佐之 [...]
- c. 1177-1188: Iroha Jiruishō (volume 9, page 55)
- 尺 シャク 十寸為尺
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho (page 741)
- Xacu. シャク (尺) 1 palmoよりも少し長い, ある尺度. 例, Ixxacu, nixacu. (一尺, 二尺) Xacuuo toru. l, xacudoru. (尺を取る. または, 尺取る) 上述のようなpalmoを単位として寸法を計る.
- 931–938, Wamyō Ruijushō, book 6, page 46:
- The "whale shaku", a variant of the shaku used in measuring cloth equal to 125/330 of a meter
- length
- (zoology) The geometer moth (Geometra papilionaria)
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho (page 741)
- Xacu. l, xacumuxi. シャク. または, しゃくむし (尺. または, 尺虫) 歩くときに身を縮めたりしながら進む一種の小虫. Xacude taiuo tçuru. (尺で鯛を釣る) 諺. この小虫で鯛を釣って取る人のように, 小さなもので大きなものを手に入れる.
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho (page 741)
- (zoology) The inchworm
Idioms
- 尺で鯛を釣る (shaku de tai o suru)
Etymology 2
Compound of bound 竹 (taka, “bamboo”) + 測り (hakari), voiced due to compounding.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /takabakari/
Alternative forms
- 竹量
- 鷹秤
Noun
尺 (hiragana たかばかり, romaji takabakari)
- a bamboo measure
- 931–938, Wamyō Ruijushō, book 6, page 46:
- 尺 魏武上雜物䟽云、象牙尺、齒亦反、辨色立成云、尺竹量也、太加波可利
- 931–938, Wamyō Ruijushō, book 6, page 46:
References
- ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
- Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, ISBN 978-4-00-080021-1, published 1980.
- Minamoto, Shitagō; Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, ISBN 978-4-653-00507-0, published 1968.
- Tadakane, Tachibana; Atsuo Masamune (ed.) (c. 1177-1188) Iroha Jiruishō (in Japanese), Kazama Shobō, published 1971
Korean
Hanja
尺 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune-Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek)
Compounds
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