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Definition 2024
竹
竹
See also: ケ
Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
Han character
竹 (radical 118 竹+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 竹 (H), four-corner 88220)
- Kangxi radical #118, ⽵ (“bamboo”).
References
- KangXi: page 877, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25841
- Dae Jaweon: page 1305, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 2947, character 1
- Unihan data for U+7AF9
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
竹 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 竹
| ||
|---|---|---|
| Bronze inscriptions | Large seal script | Small seal script |
 |
 |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (竹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 竺 | *tuːɡ, *tuːɡ, *tuɡ |
| 篤 | *tuːɡ |
| 竹 | *tuɡ |
| 筑 | *tuɡ, *duɡ |
| 築 | *tuɡ |
| 茿 | *tuɡ |
Pictogram (象形) – two bamboo stalks, with leaves. Earlier forms resembled 个 + 个, current form resembles rather ケ + ケ.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zuk1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chuk
- Min Dong (BUC): dé̤ṳk
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): tsoq (T4)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˊ
- Wade-Giles: chu2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jwu
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: zuk1
- Yale: jūk
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzuk7
- IPA (key): /t͡sʊk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chuk
- Hakka Romanization System: zug`
- Hagfa Pinyim: zug5
- IPA: /t͡suk̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dé̤ṳk
- IPA (key): /tøyʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tek
- Tâi-lô: tik
- Phofsit Daibuun: deg
- IPA (Xiamen): /tiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /tiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiak
- Tâi-lô: tiak
- Phofsit Daibuun: diag
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tiak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiok
- Tâi-lô: tiok
- Phofsit Daibuun: diog
- IPA (Xiamen): /tiɔk̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔk̚⁵/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɔk̚³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /tiɔk̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɔk̚³²/
- Note: tek/tiak - vernacular; tiok - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: dêg4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tek
- IPA (key): /tek̚²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: tsoq (T4)
- IPA (key): /t͡sʊʔ⁵⁵/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 竹 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/ |
| Harbin |
/ʈ͡ʂu²⁴/ /t͡su²⁴/ |
|
| Tianjin | /t͡su⁴⁵/ | |
| Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂu²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂu²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /p͡fu²¹/ | |
| Xining | /ʈ͡ʂv̩⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂu¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /p͡fu¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂu²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡səu²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /t͡su³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡su²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂu³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂuʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂuəʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡suəʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡suʌʔ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡suəʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡soʔ⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /t͡soʔ⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡soʔ⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /t͡ɕɤu²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡suʔ²¹/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡ɕiu⁵/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ʈ͡ʂəu²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /ʈ͡ʂəɯ²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡suʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡suk̚¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /tʃuk̚²²/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sok̚⁵/ |
| Nanning | /t͡suk̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /t͡suk̚⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/tiɔk̚³²/ /tik̚³²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /tøyʔ²³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /ty²⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /tek̚²/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/t͡sok̚⁵/ /ʔdiɔk̚⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 竹 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 知 (9) |
| Final (韻) | 屋 (4) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 張六切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ʈɨuk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ʈiuk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ȶiuk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʈuwk̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/ȶiuk̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/ȶĭuk̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ȶi̯uk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
zhu |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 竹 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
zhú |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ trjuwk › |
| Old Chinese |
/*truk/ |
| English | bamboo |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 竹 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17588 |
| Phonetic component |
竹 |
| Rime group |
覺 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
竹 |
| Old Chinese |
/*tuɡ/ |
Noun
竹
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
竹
Readings
Compounds
- 松竹梅 (shōchikubai): An arrangement of pines (松, matsu), bamboo (竹, take), and plum blossoms (梅, ume).
- 竹蜻蛉 (taketonbo): a bamboo dragonfly/bamboo-copter; a toy
- 緑竹 (ryokuchiku): lush green bamboo
- 竹簡
- 竹馬
- 竹林
- 竹薮
- 竹刀
- 糸竹
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 竹 |
|
たけ Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
Noun
竹 (hiragana たけ, katakana タケ, romaji take)
- bamboo
- the middle of a 3-tier ranking system
Coordinate terms
References
- ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3