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Definition 2024

平

平

See also: 乎

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order

Han character

平 (radical 51 干+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一火十 (MFJ), four-corner 10409, composition ⿻干丷)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 339, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9167
  • Dae Jaweon: page 646, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 407, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5E73

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 平

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 平
Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (平) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
平 *ben, *beŋ
怦 *pʰreːŋ
砰 *pʰreːŋ
抨 *pʰreːŋ
閛 *pʰreːŋ
伻 *pʰreːŋ
評 *beŋ, *beŋs
坪 *beŋ, *beŋs
苹 *beŋ
枰 *beŋ, *beŋs
泙 *beŋ
蚲 *beŋ
胓 *beŋ
匉 *pʰreːŋ
萍 *beːŋ

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 平
Mandarin Beijing /pʰiŋ³⁵/
Harbin /pʰiŋ²⁴/
Tianjin /pʰiŋ⁴⁵/
Jinan /pʰiŋ⁴²/
Qingdao /pʰiŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /pʰiŋ⁴²/
Xi'an /pʰiŋ²⁴/
Xining /pʰiə̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /pʰiŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /pʰĩn⁵³/
Ürümqi /pʰiŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /pʰin²¹³/
Chengdu /pʰin³¹/
Guiyang /pʰin²¹/
Kunming /pʰĩ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /pʰin²⁴/
Hefei /pʰin⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /pʰiəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /pʰiŋ¹³/
Hohhot /pʰĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /biŋ²³/
Suzhou /bin¹³/
Hangzhou /bin²¹³/
Wenzhou /beŋ³¹/
Hui Shexian /pʰiʌ̃⁴⁴/
Tunxi /pʰɛ⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /pin¹³/
Xiangtan /bin¹²/
Gan Nanchang /pʰiɑŋ²⁴/
/pʰin²⁴/ ～時
Hakka Meixian /pʰin¹¹/ 和～
/pʰiaŋ¹¹/ 唔～
Taoyuan /pʰiɑŋ¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /pʰeŋ²¹/
Nanning /pʰeŋ²¹/
Hong Kong /pʰiŋ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /piŋ³⁵/
/pĩ³⁵/ ～～路
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /piŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /peiŋ²¹/ 太～
/piaŋ³³/ ～均
Shantou (Min Nan) /pʰeŋ⁵⁵/
/pẽ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /feŋ³¹/
/ʔbɛ³¹/
Rime
Character 平 平
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 並 (3) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 仙 (77) 庚 (111)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 房連切 符兵切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /biᴇn/ /bˠiæŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /biɛn/ /bᵚiaŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /bjæn/ /biaŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /bian/ /biajŋ/
Li
Rong		 /biɛn/ /biɐŋ/
Wang
Li		 /bĭɛn/ /bĭɐŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /bʱi̯ɛn/ /bʱi̯ɐŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 pián píng
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 平 平 平
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 pián píng píng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ bjien › ‹ bjæng › ‹ bjæng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[b]en/ /*breŋ/ /*m-breŋ/
English distinguish; punctiious even (adj.) make even

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 平 平
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 9812 9818
Phonetic
component		 平 平
Rime
group		 元 耕
Rime
subdivision		 2 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 便 平
Old
Chinese		 /*ben/ /*beŋ/

Definitions

平

  1. level; even; flat
  2. even
    • Synonyms: 均 (jūn)
  3. draw, tie
  4. to level
  5. calm; peaceful
  6. peace
  7. to pacify
  8. (used in placenames of conquered lands) pacified territory
  9. ordinary; common; mediocre; average
    • Synonyms: 常 (cháng), 庸 (yōng)
    • Antonyms: 奇 (qí), 特 (tè)
  10. (Cantonese, Hakka) cheap; inexpensive
  11. A surname​, number 95 of the Baijiaxing

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 便宜 (“cheap”)
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 便宜、低廉
Mandarin Beijing 便宜、賤
Taiwan 便宜
Jinan 便宜、賤
Xi'an 便宜、賤
Wuhan 便宜、相因
Chengdu 相因、便宜
Yangzhou 便宜、划廉
Hefei 巧、便宜
Cantonese Guangzhou 平
Hong Kong 平
Taishan 平
Yangjiang 平、平宜
Gan Nanchang 便宜
Hakka Meixian 便宜、平
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 便宜
Liudui (S. Sixian) 便宜
Hsinchu (Hailu) 便宜
Dongshi (Dabu) 便宜
Zhuolan (Raoping) 便宜
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 便宜
Jin Taiyuan 便宜、賤
Min Bei Jian'ou 便宜
Min Dong Fuzhou 便宜
Min Nan Quanzhou 俗、便宜
Xiamen 俗、便宜
Zhangzhou 俗、便宜
Taipei 俗、便宜
Kaohsiung 俗、便宜
Malaysia 便宜
Chaozhou 便
Wu Shanghai 𠼢、便宜
Suzhou 便宜、𠼢
Wenzhou 倯、便宜
Xiang Changsha 便宜
Shuangfeng 便宜、賤

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

平

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Definitions

  1. even
  2. calm, peaceful
  3. ordinary, common, mediocre, average

Compounds

Proper noun

平 ‎(hiragana たいら, romaji Taira, historical hiragana たひら)

  1. A surname​.
  2. A male given name

Korean

Hanja

平 • ‎(pyeong, pyeon) (hangeul 평, 편, revised pyeong, pyeon, McCune-Reischauer p'yŏng, p'yŏn)

  1. (평평하다, pyeongpyeong-hada) to be flat, level, plane

Derived terms

Vietnamese

Han character

平 (bình, bằng, bường, biền)

  • This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

Readings

  • Nôm: bình, bằng, bường

References

  • Thiều Chửu: Hán Việt Tự Điển, Hà Nội, 1942
  • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
  • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
  • Nom Foundation

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