Definify.com
Definition 2025
戇
戇
Translingual
Han character
戇 (radical 61 心+24, 28 strokes, cangjie input X卜金心 (XYCP) or 卜金心 (YCP), four-corner 07338, composition ⿱贛心)
References
- KangXi: page 409, character 31
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11525
- Dae Jaweon: page 751, character 30
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2373, character 4
- Unihan data for U+6207
Chinese
| trad. | 戇 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 戆 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 戇
|
|---|
| Small seal script |
![]() |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (夅) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 贛 | *kluːmʔ, *kluːms, *kromʔ, *kloːms |
| 灨 | *kluːmʔ, *kluːms |
| 竷 | *kʰluːms |
| 戇 | *kr'oːms, *qʰloːms |
| 洚 | *kruːŋs, *ɡruːŋ, *ɡloːŋ, *ɡluːŋ |
| 降 | *kruːŋs, *ɡruːŋ |
| 絳 | *kruːŋs |
| 栙 | *ɡruːŋ |
| 夅 | *ɡruːŋ |
| 跭 | *ɡruːŋ |
| 隆 | *ɡ·ruːŋ |
| 癃 | *ɡ·ruːŋ |
| 窿 | *ɡ·ruːŋ |
| 霳 | *ɡ·ruːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kr'oːms, *qʰloːms) : phonetic 贛 (OC *kluːmʔ, *kluːms, *kromʔ, *kloːms) + semantic 心.
Etymology 1
“Stupid”. Attested abundantly in Old Chinese, but obsolete in modern varieties. Compared with Proto-Mon *trɔɔʔ (> Mon သ္ဒိုဟ် (tɜ̀h, “foolish, stupid”)) by Schuessler (2007).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄤˋ
- Wade-Giles: chuang4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juanq
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: zong3
- Yale: jong
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzong3
- IPA (key): /t͡sɔːŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 戇 | 戇 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) | 知 (9) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (1) | 江 (9) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | II |
| Fanqie | 呼貢切 | 陟降切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/huŋH/ | /ʈˠʌŋH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/huŋH/ | /ʈᵚɔŋH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/xuŋH/ | /ȶɔŋH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/həwŋH/ | /ʈaɨwŋH/ |
| Li Rong |
/xuŋH/ | /ȶɔŋH/ |
| Wang Li |
/xuŋH/ | /ȶɔŋH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/xuŋH/ | /ȶɔŋH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
hòng | zhuàng |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 戇 | 戇 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 6277 | 6291 |
| Phonetic component |
夅 | 夅 |
| Rime group |
談 | 談 |
| Rime subdivision |
3 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
戇 | 烘 |
| Old Chinese |
/*kr'oːms/ | /*qʰloːms/ |
Definitions
戇
Etymology 2
Dialectally preserved word for “stupid”, attested since Middle Chinese. Relationship to Etymology 1 is unknown.
Compare Proto-Central Chin *ŋoŋ (“dull, stupid”) > Mizo ngawng (“dull, stupid”), Proto-Tai-Kadai *ŋV:ŋ.T (“stupid”) > Zhuang nguengh (“stupid”), as well as Old Khmer lṅaṅya (“stupid, obtuse, ignorant”) > Khmer ល្ងង់ (lngông)).
Bauer (1996) suggests that this root may have entered Old Southern Chinese during the period of its early contact with Tai-speaking peoples in southern China.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngong
- Min Dong (BUC): ngâung
- Min Nan (POJ): gōng
- Wu (Wiktionary): gaan (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄤˋ
- Wade-Giles: kang4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ganq
- IPA (key): /kɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ngong6
- Yale: ngohng
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngong6
- IPA (key): /ŋɔːŋ²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ngong5
- IPA (key): /ᵑgɔŋ³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngong
- Hakka Romanization System: ngong
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngong4
- IPA: /ŋoŋ⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ngâung
- IPA (key): /ŋɔuŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gōng
- Tâi-lô: gōng
- Phofsit Daibuun: gong
- IPA (Xiamen): /gɔŋ²²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /gɔŋ⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /gɔŋ²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /gɔŋ³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /gɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: gaan (T3)
- IPA (key): /g̊ɑ̃²³/
- (Shanghainese)
Definitions
戇
- (Cantonese, Hakka, Min, Wu) stupid; foolish; simple; simple-minded
- (dialectal Mandarin) stubborn; bull-headed
- (dialectal Mandarin) frank; honest; straight
Synonyms
| Dialectal synonyms of 傻 (“stupid”) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 傻 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 傻 |
| Taiwan | 傻 | |
| Tianjin | 傻 | |
| Xi'an | 瓜 | |
| Wuhan | 苕、哈、嘎 | |
| Chengdu | 哈、瓜 | |
| Yangzhou | 呆、木足、瓜 | |
| Hefei | 呆、傻 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 戇、傻 |
| Yangjiang | 傻、戇 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 蟬 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 傻、戇 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 傻、二不楞 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 戇 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 戇 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 戇 |
| Suzhou | 戇 | |
| Wenzhou | 呆、憨 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 寶、醒 |
| Shuangfeng | 哈 | |
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Readings
Korean
Hanja
戇 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune-Reischauer tang, Yale tang)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
Han character
戇 (tráng)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
