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Definition 2024
曲
曲
Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
Han character
曲 (radical 73 曰+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 廿田 (TW) or 廿月金 (TBC) or X廿田 (XTW), four-corner 55600)
- crooked, bent
- wrong, false
- sheet music
- yeast, mold (fermenting materials for beer and wine) (as simplified character for 麴)
Derived characters
See also
References
- KangXi: page 502, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14280
- Dae Jaweon: page 873, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1484, character 2
- Unihan data for U+66F2
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
曲 | |
|---|---|---|
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄩ
- Wade-Giles: ch'ü1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiu
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ****1
- Yale: kūk
- Cantonese Pinyin: ****7
- IPA (key): /kʰʊk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiuk
- Hakka Romanization System: kiug`
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiug5
- IPA: /kʰi̯uk̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiok / khiau
- Tâi-lô: khiok / khiau
- Phofsit Daibuun: qiog, qiaw
- IPA (Xiamen): /kʰiɔk̚³²/, /kʰiaʊ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiɔk̚⁵/, /kʰiaʊ³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiɔk̚³²/, /kʰiaʊ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /kʰiɔk̚³²/, /kʰiaʊ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɔk̚³²/, /kʰiaʊ⁴⁴/
- Note: khiok - literary; khiau - vernacular.
- (Hokkien)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 曲 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴/ |
| Harbin |
/t͡ɕʰy²¹³/ ～折 /t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/ 大～ |
|
| Tianjin |
/t͡ɕʰy²¹/ 彎～ /t͡ɕʰy¹³/ 歌～ |
|
| Jinan | /t͡ɕʰy²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕʰy²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /t͡ɕʰy²⁴/ | |
| Xining | /t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /t͡ɕʰy¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /t͡ɕʰy³¹/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡ɕʰy⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡ɕʰy²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu |
/t͡ɕʰyo³¹/ /t͡ɕʰy³¹/ |
|
| Guiyang | /t͡ɕʰiu²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /t͡ɕʰiu³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /t͡ɕʰyʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕʰyəʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡ɕʰyʌʔ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai |
/t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕʰyɪʔ⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /t͡ɕʰo²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰiuʔ²¹/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰiu⁵/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕʰiəu²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡ɕʰiəɯ²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰiuʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kʰiuk̚¹/ |
| Taoyuan | ||
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kʰok̚⁵/ |
| Nanning | /kʰuk̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /kʰuk̚⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/kʰiɔk̚³²/ /kʰik̚³²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /kʰuɔʔ²³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /kʰy²⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /kʰek̚²/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/xok̚⁵/ ～調 /xiak̚⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 曲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 燭 (8) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 丘玉切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kʰɨok̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kʰiok̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kʰiok̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kʰuawk̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/kʰiok̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/kʰĭwok̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/kʰi̯wok̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
qu |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 曲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
qū |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ khjowk › |
| Old Chinese |
/*kʰ(r)ok/ |
| English | to bend |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 曲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10578 |
| Phonetic component |
曲 |
| Rime group |
屋 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
曲 |
| Old Chinese |
/*kʰoɡ/ |
Definitions
曲
Compounds
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄩˇ
- Wade-Giles: ch'ü3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheu
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ****1
- Yale: kūk
- Cantonese Pinyin: ****7
- IPA (key): /kʰʊk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiuk
- Hakka Romanization System: kiug`
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiug5
- IPA: /kʰi̯uk̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khek / khiok
- Tâi-lô: khik / khiok
- Phofsit Daibuun: qeg, qiog
- IPA (Xiamen): /kʰiɪk̚³²/, /kʰiɔk̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiɪk̚⁵/, /kʰiɔk̚⁵/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiɪk̚³²/, /kʰiɔk̚³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /kʰiɪk̚³²/, /kʰiɔk̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɪk̚³²/, /kʰiɔk̚³²/
- Note: khek - vernacular; khiok - literary.
- (Hokkien)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 曲 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴/ |
| Harbin |
/t͡ɕʰy²¹³/ ～折 /t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/ 大～ |
|
| Tianjin |
/t͡ɕʰy²¹/ 彎～ /t͡ɕʰy¹³/ 歌～ |
|
| Jinan | /t͡ɕʰy²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕʰy²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /t͡ɕʰy²⁴/ | |
| Xining | /t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /t͡ɕʰy¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /t͡ɕʰy³¹/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡ɕʰy⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡ɕʰy²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu |
/t͡ɕʰyo³¹/ /t͡ɕʰy³¹/ |
|
| Guiyang | /t͡ɕʰiu²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /t͡ɕʰiu³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /t͡ɕʰyʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕʰyəʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡ɕʰyʌʔ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai |
/t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕʰyɪʔ⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /t͡ɕʰo²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰiuʔ²¹/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰiu⁵/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕʰiəu²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡ɕʰiəɯ²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰiuʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kʰiuk̚¹/ |
| Taoyuan | ||
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kʰok̚⁵/ |
| Nanning | /kʰuk̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /kʰuk̚⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/kʰiɔk̚³²/ /kʰik̚³²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /kʰuɔʔ²³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /kʰy²⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /kʰek̚²/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/xok̚⁵/ ～調 /xiak̚⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 曲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 燭 (8) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 丘玉切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kʰɨok̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kʰiok̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kʰiok̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kʰuawk̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/kʰiok̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/kʰĭwok̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/kʰi̯wok̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
qu |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 曲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
qū |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ khjowk › |
| Old Chinese |
/*kʰ(r)ok/ |
| English | to bend |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 曲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10578 |
| Phonetic component |
曲 |
| Rime group |
屋 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
曲 |
| Old Chinese |
/*kʰoɡ/ |
Definitions
曲
Synonyms
Compounds
Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 曲 – see 麴. (This character, 曲, is the simplified form of 麴.) |
Notes:
|
Japanese
Kanji
曲
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Readings
Compounds
Compounds
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 曲 |
|
きょく Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi |
Pronunciation
- On'yomi: Kan'on
- (Tokyo) きょく [kyòkú] (Heiban - [0])[1][2]
- (Tokyo) きょく [kyóꜜkù] (Atamadaka - [1])[1][2]
- IPA(key): [kjo̞kɯᵝ]
Noun
曲 (hiragana きょく, romaji kyoku)
- a piece of music
References
- 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- 1 2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
Korean
Hanja
曲 • (gok) (hangeul 곡, revised gok, McCune-Reischauer kok, Yale kok)
Compounds
|
Vietnamese
Han character
曲 (khúc)
- Being bent;
- A bend, bent object(s), bent and/or tight places (鄉曲: small/tiny rural area/village)
- Being flexible. 曲為之說: apologize for other people in a fluent way.
Etymology
| Historical forms of the character 曲
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Large seal script | Small seal script |
 |
 |
 |
 |
Ideogram (指事) – a bent object. Earlier forms shaped more like a ‘U’.
Also Simplified from 麴.