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Definition 2024
統
統
See also: 统
Translingual
Han character
統 (radical 120 糸+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 女火卜戈山 (VFYIU), four-corner 20913, composition ⿰糹充)
References
- KangXi: page 924, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27447
- Dae Jaweon: page 1358, character 15
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3398, character 5
- Unihan data for U+7D71
Chinese
| trad. | 統 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 统 | |
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (充) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 統 | *tʰuːŋs |
| 充 | *l̥ʰjuŋ |
| 珫 | *tʰjuŋ |
| 茺 | *tʰjuŋ |
| 銃 | *tʰjuŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tʰuːŋs) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 充 (OC *l̥ʰjuŋ).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄥˇ
- Wade-Giles: t'ung3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: toong
- IPA (key): /tʰʊŋ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: tung2
- Yale: túng
- Cantonese Pinyin: tung2
- IPA (key): /tʰʊŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tháng / thóng
- Tâi-lô: tháng / thóng
- Phofsit Daibuun: tarng, torng
- IPA (Xiamen): /tʰaŋ⁵³/, /tʰɔŋ⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰaŋ⁵⁵⁴/, /tʰɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰaŋ⁵³/, /tʰɔŋ⁵³/
- IPA (Taipei): /tʰaŋ⁵³/, /tʰɔŋ⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰaŋ⁴¹/, /tʰɔŋ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 統 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /tʰuŋ²¹⁴/ |
| Harbin | /tʰuŋ²¹³/ | |
| Tianjin | /tʰuŋ¹³/ | |
| Jinan | /tʰuŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Qingdao | /tʰəŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou |
/tʰuŋ⁴²/ /tʰuŋ²⁴/ |
|
| Xi'an | /tʰuŋ⁵³/ | |
| Xining | /tʰuə̃⁵³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /tʰuŋ⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /tũn⁴⁴²/ | |
| Ürümqi | /tʰuŋ⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /tʰoŋ⁴²/ | |
| Chengdu | /tʰoŋ⁵³/ | |
| Guiyang | /tʰoŋ⁴²/ | |
| Kunming | /tʰoŋ⁵³/ | |
| Nanjing | /tʰoŋ²¹²/ | |
| Hefei | /tʰəŋ²⁴/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /tʰuəŋ⁵³/ |
| Pingyao | /tʰuŋ⁵³/ | |
| Hohhot | /tʰũŋ⁵³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /tʰoŋ³⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /tʰoŋ⁵¹/ | |
| Hangzhou | /tʰoŋ⁵³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /tʰoŋ³⁵/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /tʰʌ̃³⁵/ |
| Tunxi | /tʰan³¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /tʰoŋ⁴¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /tʰən⁴²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /tʰuŋ²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /tʰuŋ³¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /tʰuŋ³¹/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /tʰoŋ³⁵/ |
| Nanning | /tʰuŋ³⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /tʰuŋ³⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/tʰɔŋ⁵³/ /tʰaŋ⁵³/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /tʰuŋ³²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /tʰɔŋ²¹/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /tʰoŋ⁵³/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) |
/hɔŋ²¹³/ /haŋ²¹³/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 統 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 冬 (5) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 他綜切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/tʰuoŋH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/tʰuoŋH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/tʰoŋH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/tʰawŋH/ |
| Li Rong |
/tʰoŋH/ |
| Wang Li |
/tʰuoŋH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/tʰuoŋH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
tòng |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 統 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 1490 |
| Phonetic component |
充 |
| Rime group |
終 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
統 |
| Old Chinese |
/*tʰuːŋs/ |
Definitions
統
Compounds
Derived terms from 統
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Japanese
Kanji
統
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
Compounds
Korean
Hanja
統 • (tong) (hangeul 통, revised tong, McCune-Reischauer t'ong, Yale thong)
- to lead, command[1]
Compounds
References
- ↑ “네이버 漢字辭典”, in (Please provide the title of the work), (Please provide a date or year)
Vietnamese
Han character
統 (thống, thụng, thủng, xóng, tung)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Compounds
- thống nhất (統一)