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Definition 2024

膏

膏

Translingual

Han character

膏 (radical 130 肉+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 卜口月月 (YRBB), four-corner 00227)

References

  • KangXi: page 992, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29800
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1444, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2103, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+818F

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 膏

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (高) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
高 *kaːw
膏 *kaːw, *kaːws
篙 *kaːw
稿 *kaːwʔ
稾 *kaːwʔ, *kʰaːws
槁 *kaːwʔ, *kʰaːwʔ
縞 *kaːwʔ, *kaːws
暠 *kaːwʔ
槀 *kaːwʔ
藁 *kaːwʔ
燺 *kʰaːwʔ
薧 *kʰaːwʔ, *kʰaːws, *qʰaːw
犒 *kʰaːws
蒿 *qʰaːw
藃 *qʰaːws, *qʰraːw, *qʰraw
豪 *ɡaːw
毫 *ɡaːw
壕 *ɡaːw
濠 *ɡaːw
鎬 *ɡaːwʔ
滈 *ɡaːwʔ, *qʰraːwɢ
鄗 *ɡaːwʔ, *kʰraːw, *qʰaːwɢ
鰝 *ɡaːwʔ, *qʰaːwɢ
薃 *ɡaːwʔ
搞 *kruːʔ
敲 *kʰraːw, *kʰraːws
髇 *qʰraːw
嗃 *qʰraːw, *qʰraːws, *qʰaːwɢ
巐 *kʰl'awʔ
歊 *qʰraw, *qʰoːwɢ
謞 *qʰaːwɢ, *qʰraːwɢ
熇 *qʰaːwɢ, *qʰoːwɢ, *qʰoːɡ
碻 *kʰraːwɢ
塙 *kʰraːwɢ
毃 *kʰraːwɢ
翯 *qʰraːwɢ, *ɡraːwɢ, *ɡoːwɢ
瀥 *qʰraːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kaːw, *kaːws) : phonetic 高 ‎(OC *kaːw) + semantic 肉.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 膏 膏
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 豪 (89) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 古勞切 古到切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kɑu/ /kɑuH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kɑu/ /kɑuH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kɑu/ /kɑuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kaw/ /kawH/
Li
Rong		 /kɑu/ /kɑuH/
Wang
Li		 /kɑu/ /kɑuH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kɑu/ /kɑuH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 gāo gào
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 膏 膏
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 gāo gāo
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kaw › ‹ kawH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*Cə.kˤaw/ /*[k]ˤaw-s/
English lard (n.) smear with lard (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 膏 膏
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 3727 3736
Phonetic
component		 高 高
Rime
group		 宵 宵
Rime
subdivision		 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 髙 誥
Old
Chinese		 /*kaːw/ /*kaːws/

Definitions

膏

  1. fat, grease, oil
  2. paste, cream, ointment
  3. sleek
  4. oily, rich

Pronunciation

Definitions

膏

  1. to moisten, to grease, to lubricate
  2. to apply (cream, ointment)
  3. to dip a brush in ink

Compounds

References

  • 膏 in CEDICT on MDBG
  • McNaughton, William (2005) Reading & Writing Chinese: Simplified Character Edition, 2nd Edition edition, Tuttle, ISBN 978-0804835091, page 22

Japanese

Kanji

膏

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

Compounds

  • 亜鉛華軟膏 (あえんかなんこう) ‎(aenkanankō)
  • 按摩膏 (あんまこう) ‎(anmakō)
  • 内股膏薬 (うちまたこうやく) ‎(uchimatakōyaku), 内股膏薬 (うちまたごうやく) ‎(uchimatagōyaku)
  • 眼軟膏 (がんなんこう) ‎(gannankō)
  • 膏血 (こうけつ) ‎(kōketsu)
  • 膏肓 (こうこう) ‎(kōkō)
  • 膏薬 (こうやく) ‎(kōyaku)
  • 石膏 (せっこう) ‎(sekkō)
  • 石膏像 (せっこうぞう) ‎(sekkōzō)
  • 軟膏 (なんこう) ‎(nankō)
  • 絆創膏 (ばんそうこう) ‎(bansōkō)
  • 二股膏薬 (ふたまたこうやく) ‎(futamatakōyaku)

Noun

膏 ‎(hiragana あぶら, romaji abura)

  1. oil

Synonyms

Korean

Hanja

膏 • ‎(go) (hangeul 고, McCune-Reischauer ko, Yale ko)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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