Translingual

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *daʔ) : semantic 艸 ‎(“grass”) + phonetic 宁 ‎(OC *da, *daʔ).

This character simplified to 苎 and simplified form 薴.

Han character

苧 (radical 140 艸+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿十一弓 (TJMN) or X廿十一弓 (XTJMN), four-corner 4420₁)

1. china grass, ramie

References

• KangXi: page 1024, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30798
• Dae Jaweon: page 1483, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3196, character 4
• Unihan data for U+82E7

Chinese

Etymology 1

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Definitions

苧

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 薴)

Readings

• Goon: じょ (jo)
• Kan’on: ちょ (cho)
• Kan’yōon: ま (ma)
• Kun: お (o), からむし (karamushi), からんし (karanshi) (obsolete, rare), こるむし (korumushi) (obsolete, rare)

Etymology 1

Old Japanese.

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• IPA^(key): [o̞]

Alternative forms

• 麻

Noun

苧 ‎(hiragana お, romaji o, historical hiragana を)

1. hemp or ramie
2. thread made from the outer husk of the stems of hemp or ramie
3. a textile made from this thread

Derived terms

Synonyms

• (hemp): 麻 (あさ, ​asa)
• (ramie): 苧 (からむし, ​karamushi)
• (thread, in general): 糸 (いと, ​ito)

Etymology 2

Old Japanese. Possibly the original name for the plant, or for the fiber from this plant.

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• IPA^(key): [mɯᵝɕi]

Alternative forms

• 枲 (rare), 帔 (rare)

Noun

苧 ‎(hiragana むし, romaji mushi)

1. (obsolete) old name for karamushi: the ramie plant, Boehmeria nivea var. nipononivea
2. short for 帔, 枲の垂衣 (むしのたれぎぬ, ​mushi no tareginu), a kind of veil made of ramie and worn from the brim of a hat by women from the Heian period through the Kamakura period

Etymology 3

Appears to be a compound of 殻 ‎(kara, “husk”) +‎ 苧 ‎(mushi, “ramie fiber”).

Some sources suggest that the mushi component derives from 蒸し ‎(mushi, “steaming”), from verb 蒸す ‎(musu, “to steam something; to be steamy or muggy”). However, ramie is not processed using steam, so these are more likely to be folk etymologies.

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• から​むし (Nakadaka)^[1]
• からむし (Heiban)^[1]
• IPA^(key): [ka̠ɺ̠a̠mɯᵝɕi]

Alternative forms

• 苧麻, 紵 (rare), 枲 (rare), 葈 (rare)

Noun

苧 ‎(hiragana からむし, romaji karamushi)

1. the ramie plant, Boehmeria nivea or Boehmeria nipononivea
2. a thread made from the fibers of this plant
3. a textile made from this thread

   • circa 800, Shibunritsu Ongi (page 47)^[2]

     蒭麻衣 加良牟斯衣

Derived terms

• 苧頭巾 (からむしずきん, ​karamushi zukin): a 頭巾 ‎(zukin, “headcloth, bandana”) made from ramie

Etymology 4

Alteration from karamushi. Rare and obsolete reading.

/karamuɕi/ → /karanɕi/

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• IPA^(key): [ka̠ɺ̠ã̠ɴɕi]

Noun

苧 ‎(hiragana からんし, romaji karanshi)

1. (rare, obsolete) the ramie plant
2. (rare, obsolete) a thread made from the fibers of this plant
3. (rare, obsolete) a textile made from this thread

Etymology 5

Alteration from karamushi. Rare and obsolete reading.

/karamuɕi/ → /korumuɕi/

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• IPA^(key): [koɾ̠ɯᵝmɯᵝɕi]

Noun

苧 ‎(hiragana こるむし, romaji korumushi)

1. (rare, obsolete) the ramie plant
2. (rare, obsolete) a thread made from the fibers of this plant
3. (rare, obsolete) a textile made from this thread
   • circa 800, Shibunritsu Ongi (page 47)^[2]

     纎麻衣 古流牟斯衣

Etymology 6

From Middle Chinese 薴, but read with the on'yomi from 麻 ‎(ma, “hemp”). Compare modern Mandarin 苧 ‎(zhù), 麻 ‎(má).

Pronunciation

• Kan'yōyomi
• IPA^(key): [ma̠]

Alternative forms

• 麻

Affix

苧 ‎(hiragana ま, romaji ma)

1. the ramie or hemp plant or fiber

Derived terms

Etymology 7

From Middle Chinese 薴. Compare modern Mandarin 苧 ‎(zhù).

Pronunciation

• On'yomi
• IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʲo̞]

Affix

苧 ‎(hiragana ちょ, romaji cho)

1. the ramie or hemp plant or fiber

Derived terms

References

1. 1 2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
2. 1 2 Tsukishima, Hiroshi (circa 800) Kojisho Ongi Shūsei 2: Shibunritsu Ongi (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Kyūko Shoin, ISBN 4-7629-3089-X, published 1979, page 47

Korean

Hanja

苧 • ‎(jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune-Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

苧 (trữ)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.