Definify.com
Definition 2025
辛苦
辛苦
Chinese
| 8th heavenly stem; tired | bitter; intensely; miserable; painful
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|---|---|---|---|
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simp. and trad. (辛苦) |
辛 | 苦 | |
| anagram | 苦辛 | ||
Adjective
辛苦
Verb
辛苦
- to work hard; to toil; to go through hardship
Interjection
辛苦
- Polite expression used in thanking someone for assistance given; can be used for general assistance over time or a specific act.
See also
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 辛 | 苦 |
|
しん Grade: S |
く Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
辛苦 (hiragana しんく, romaji shinku)
Verb
辛苦する (hiragana しんくする, romaji shinku suru)
- go through great hardship
Conjugation
Conjugation of "辛苦する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 辛苦し | しんくし | shinku shi | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 辛苦し | しんくし | shinku shi | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 辛苦する | しんくする | shinku suru | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 辛苦する | しんくする | shinku suru | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 辛苦すれ | しんくすれ | shinku sure | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 辛苦せよ¹ 辛苦しろ² |
しんくせよ¹ しんくしろ² |
shinku seyo¹ shinku shiro² |
|
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 辛苦される | しんくされる | shinku sareru | |
| Causative | 辛苦させる 辛苦さす |
しんくさせる しんくさす |
shinku saseru shinku sasu |
|
| Potential | 辛苦できる | しんくできる | shinku dekiru | |
| Volitional | 辛苦しよう | しんくしよう | shinku shiyō | |
| Negative | 辛苦しない | しんくしない | shinku shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 辛苦せず | しんくせず | shinku sezu | |
| Formal | 辛苦します | しんくします | shinku shimasu | |
| Perfective | 辛苦した | しんくした | shinku shita | |
| Conjunctive | 辛苦して | しんくして | shinku shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 辛苦すれば | しんくすれば | shinku sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣ ㄎㄨˇ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shinkuu
- IPA (key): /ɕin⁵⁵ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: san1 fu2
- Yale: sān fú
- Cantonese Pinyin: san1 fu2
- IPA (key): /sɐn⁵⁵ fuː³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sîn-khú
- Hakka Romanization System: xin´ ku`
- Hagfa Pinyim: xin1 ku3
- IPA: /ɕin²⁴ kʰu³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sin-khó͘
- Tâi-lô: sin-khóo
- Phofsit Daibuun: sinqor
- IPA (Xiamen): /ɕin⁴⁴⁻²² kʰɔ⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕin³³ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕin⁴⁴⁻²² kʰɔ⁵³/
- IPA (Taipei): /ɕin⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɔ⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕin⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɔ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien)