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Definition 2025

郭

郭

Translingual

Han character

郭 (radical 163 邑+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜木弓中 (YDNL), four-corner 07427, composition ⿰享⻏)

  1. outer part (of a city)
  2. used as a surname

References

  • KangXi: page 1273, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39474
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1771, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3780, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+90ED

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 郭

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 郭
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (郭) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
郭 *kʷaːɡ
埻 *tjunʔ, *kʷaːɡ, *kʷreːɡ
崞 *kʷaːɡ
椁 *kʷaːɡ
槨 *kʷaːɡ
噋 *tʰuːn, *kʰʷaːɡ
廓 *kʰʷaːɡ
鞹 *kʰʷaːɡ
漷 *kʰʷaːɡ, *qʰʷraːɡ
霩 *qʰʷaːɡ

Pictogram (象形) : 享 ‎(“tall building”) + 阝 ‎(“city”) – a city with tall buildings.

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 郭
Mandarin Beijing /kuo⁵⁵/
Harbin /kuo⁴⁴/
Tianjin /kuo²¹/
Jinan /kuə²¹³/
Qingdao /kuə⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /kuo²⁴/
Xi'an /kuo²¹/
Xining /ku⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /kuə¹³/
Lanzhou /kuə¹³/
Ürümqi /kuɤ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /kuo²¹³/
Chengdu /kue³¹/
/ko³¹/
Guiyang /ko²¹/
Kunming /ko³¹/
Nanjing /kueʔ⁵/
Hefei /kuɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /kuəʔ²/
Pingyao /kuʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /kuəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /koʔ⁵/
Suzhou /koʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /koʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /ko²¹³/
Hui Shexian /kɔʔ²¹/
Tunxi /ko⁵/
Xiang Changsha /ko²⁴/
Xiangtan /ko²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /kuɔʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /kuok̚¹/
Taoyuan /kok̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kwɔk̚³/
Nanning /kʰɔk̚³³/
Hong Kong /kwɔk̚³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kɔk̚³²/
/keʔ³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kuɔʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kua²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kueʔ²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /kɔk̚⁵/
/kue⁵⁵/
Rime
Character 郭
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 鐸 (104)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古博切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kwɑk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʷɑk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kuɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kwak̚/
Li
Rong		 /kuɑk̚/
Wang
Li		 /kuɑk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kwɑk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 guo
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 郭
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 guō
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kwak ›
Old
Chinese		 /*kʷˤak/
English outer wall

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 郭
Reading # 1/1
No. 4752
Phonetic
component		 郭
Rime
group		 鐸
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 郭
Old
Chinese		 /*kʷaːɡ/

Noun

郭

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Proper noun

郭

  1. A surname​.

Descendants

  • (Hokkien dialect) Tagalog: Kwok, Que

Japanese

Kanji

郭

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

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Readings

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

郭 • ‎(gwak) (hangeul 곽, revised gwak, McCune-Reischauer kwak, Yale kwak)

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Vietnamese

Han character

郭 (quách)

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