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Definition 2024
黑
黑
See also: 黒
Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Han character
黑 (radical 203 黑+0, 12 strokes, cangjie input 田土火 (WGF), four-corner 60331)
- Kangxi radical #203, ⿊ (“black”).
Descendants
References
- KangXi: page 1518, character 36
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48038
- Dae Jaweon: page 2051, character 13
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4743, character 1
- Unihan data for U+9ED1
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
黑 |
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Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 黑
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Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Large seal script | Small seal script |
Characters in the same phonetic series (黑) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Old Chinese | |
嚜 | *mrɯɡs |
嫼 | *ʔmrɯːd |
墨 | *mlɯːɡ |
默 | *mlɯːɡ |
纆 | *mɯːɡ |
黑 | *hmlɯːɡ |
潶 | *hmlɯːɡ |
Pictogram (象形) – catching soot in a container over a fire (火).
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-maŋ ~ s-mak. Cognate with 墨 (OC *mlɯːɡ, “ink”).
The sense of “hack” is a phono-semantic matching of English hack.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): hak1, haak1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): het
- Min Dong (BUC): háik
- Min Nan (POJ): hek
- Wu (Wiktionary): heq (T4)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄟ
- Wade-Giles: hei1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hei
- IPA (key): /xeɪ̯⁵⁵/
-
- (Standard Chinese, literary)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˋ
- Wade-Giles: ho4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: heh
- IPA (key): /xɤ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: hak1, haak1
- Yale: hāk, hāak
- Cantonese Pinyin: hak7, haak7
- IPA (key): /hɐk̚⁵/, /hɑːk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: het
- Hakka Romanization System: hed`
- Hagfa Pinyim: hed5
- IPA: /het̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: háik
- IPA (key): /haiʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hek
- Tâi-lô: hik
- Phofsit Daibuun: heg
- IPA (Xiamen): /hiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɪk̚⁵/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /hiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: heq (T4)
- IPA (key): /həʔ⁵⁵/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
Variety | Location | 黑 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /xei⁵⁵/ |
Harbin | /xei⁴⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /xei²¹/ | |
Jinan | /xei²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /xe⁵⁵/ | |
Zhengzhou | /xɛ²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /xei²¹/ | |
Xining | /xɨ⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /xɯ¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /xə/ | |
Ürümqi | /xei⁴⁴/ | |
Wuhan | /xɤ²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /xe³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /xɛ²¹/ | |
Kunming | /xə³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /xəʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /xɐʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /xəʔ²/ |
Pingyao | /xʌʔ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /xəʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /həʔ⁵/ |
Suzhou | /həʔ⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /hɑʔ⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /he²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /xeʔ²¹/ |
Tunxi | /xə⁵/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /xə²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /hæ²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /hɛʔ⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /het̚¹/ |
Taoyuan | /het̚²²/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou |
/hɐk̚⁵/ /hak̚⁵/ |
Nanning | /hɐk̚⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong |
/hɐk̚⁵/ /hak̚⁵/ |
|
Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /hik̚³²/ |
Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /haiʔ²³/ | |
Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /xuɛ/ | |
Shantou (Min Nan) | /hek̚²/ | |
Haikou (Min Nan) | /ɔu²³/ 訓烏 |
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 黑 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
Final (韻) | 德 (131) |
Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Open |
Division (等) | I |
Fanqie | 呼北切 |
Reconstructions | |
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/hək̚/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/hək̚/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/xək̚/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/hək̚/ |
Li Rong |
/xək̚/ |
Wang Li |
/xək̚/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/xək̚/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
he |
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
---|---|
Character | 黑 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
hēi |
Middle Chinese |
‹ xok › |
Old Chinese |
/*m̥ˤək/ (dialect *m̥ˤ- > xˤ-) |
English | black |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
---|---|
Character | 黑 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
No. | 5109 |
Phonetic component |
黑 |
Rime group |
職 |
Rime subdivision |
0 |
Corresponding MC rime |
黑 |
Old Chinese |
/*hmlɯːɡ/ |
Definitions
黑
- black
- dark; darkness
- evening; night
- illegal; clandestine; secret; shady
- sinister; evil
- to make fun of; to mock
- (computing) to hack
- 黑客 ― hēikè ― hacker
- hater
- Short for 黑龍江/黑龙江 (Hēilóngjiāng, “Heilongjiang province”).
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 黑 (“black”) | ||
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Variety | Location | Words |
Classical Chinese | 黑、烏、青、皂 | |
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 黑 | |
Mandarin | Beijing | 黑 |
Taiwan | 黑 | |
Tianjin | 黑 | |
Jinan | 黑 | |
Xi'an | 黑 | |
Wuhan | 黑、烏、青 | |
Chengdu | 黑、青 | |
Yangzhou | 黑 | |
Hefei | 黑 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 黑 |
Hong Kong | 黑 | |
Yangjiang | 黑 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 黑、烏、青 |
Hakka | Meixian | 烏 |
Jin | Taiyuan | 黑 |
Min Bei | Jian'ou | 烏、青 |
Min Dong | Fuzhou | 烏、青 |
Min Nan | Quanzhou | 烏 |
Xiamen | 烏 | |
Zhangzhou | 烏 | |
Taipei | 烏 | |
Chaozhou | 烏 | |
Wu | Shanghai | 黑 |
Suzhou | 黑 | |
Wenzhou | 黑、烏、青 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 黑、青 |
Shuangfeng | 黑、青 |
Compounds
Derived terms from 黑
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Korean
Hanja
黑 • (heuk) (hangeul 흑, McCune-Reischauer hŭk, Yale huk)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Vietnamese
Han character
黑 (hắc)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.