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Definition 2024
साधु
साधु
Sanskrit
Etymology
Cognate with Old Armenian աջ (aǰ).
Adjective
साधु • (sādhú)
- straight, right
- leading straight to a goal, hitting the mark, unerring (as an arrow or thunderbolt)
- straightened, not entangled (as threads)
- well-disposed, kind, willing, obedient
- successful, effective, efficient (as a hymn or prayer)
- ready, prepared (as soma)
- peaceful, secure
- powerful, excellent, good for (locative) or towards (locative, genitive, dative, accusative, with प्रति (prati), अनु (anu), अभि (abhi), परि (pari), or compound)
- fit, proper, right
- good, virtuous, honourable, righteous
- well-born, noble, of honourable or respectable descent
- correct, pure
- classical (as language)
Declension
| Masculine u-stem declension of साधु | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | साधुः (sādhuḥ) | ||
| Gen. sg. | साधोः (sādhoḥ) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | साधुः (sādhuḥ) | साधू (sādhū) | साधवः (sādhavaḥ) |
| Vocative | साधो (sādho) | साधू (sādhū) | साधवः (sādhavaḥ) |
| Accusative | साधुम् (sādhum) | साधू (sādhū) | साधून् (sādhūn) |
| Instrumental | साधुना (sādhunā) | साधुभ्याम् (sādhubhyām) | साधुभिः (sādhubhiḥ) |
| Dative | साधवे (sādhave) | साधुभ्याम् (sādhubhyām) | साधुभ्यः (sādhubhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | साधोः (sādhoḥ) | साधुभ्याम् (sādhubhyām) | साधुभ्यः (sādhubhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | साधोः (sādhoḥ) | साध्वोः (sādhvoḥ) | साधूनाम् (sādhūnām) |
| Locative | साधौ (sādhau) | साध्वोः (sādhvoḥ) | साधुषु (sādhuṣu) |
| Feminine ī-stem declension of साधु | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | साध्वी (sādhvī) | ||
| Gen. sg. | साध्व्याः (sādhvyāḥ) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | साध्वी (sādhvī) | साध्व्यौ (sādhvyau) | साध्व्यः (sādhvyaḥ) |
| Vocative | साध्वि (sādhvi) | साध्व्यौ (sādhvyau) | साध्व्यः (sādhvyaḥ) |
| Accusative | साध्वीम् (sādhvīm) | साध्व्यौ (sādhvyau) | साध्वीः (sādhvīḥ) |
| Instrumental | साध्व्या (sādhvyā) | साध्वीभ्याम् (sādhvībhyām) | साध्वीभिः (sādhvībhiḥ) |
| Dative | साध्व्यै (sādhvyai) | साध्वीभ्याम् (sādhvībhyām) | साध्वीभ्यः (sādhvībhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | साध्व्याः (sādhvyāḥ) | साध्वीभ्याम् (sādhvībhyām) | साध्वीभ्यः (sādhvībhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | साध्व्याः (sādhvyāḥ) | साध्व्योः (sādhvyoḥ) | साध्वीनाम् (sādhvīnām) |
| Locative | साध्व्याम् (sādhvyām) | साध्व्योः (sādhvyoḥ) | साध्वीषु (sādhvīṣu) |
| Neuter u-stem declension of साधु | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | साधु (sādhu) | ||
| Gen. sg. | साधुनः (sādhunaḥ) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | साधु (sādhu) | साधुनी (sādhunī) | साधूनि (sādhūni) |
| Vocative | साधु (sādhu) | साधुनी (sādhunī) | साधूनि (sādhūni) |
| Accusative | साधु (sādhu) | साधुनी (sādhunī) | साधूनि (sādhūni) |
| Instrumental | साधुना (sādhunā) | साधुभ्याम् (sādhubhyām) | साधुभिः (sādhubhiḥ) |
| Dative | साधुने (sādhune) | साधुभ्याम् (sādhubhyām) | साधुभ्यः (sādhubhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | साधुनः (sādhunaḥ) | साधुभ्याम् (sādhubhyām) | साधुभ्यः (sādhubhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | साधुनः (sādhunaḥ) | साधुनोः (sādhunoḥ) | साधूनाम् (sādhūnām) |
| Locative | साधुनि (sādhuni) | साधुनोः (sādhunoḥ) | साधुषु (sādhuṣu) |
Adverb
साधु • (sādhú)
- straight, aright, regularly
- well, rightly, skilfully, properly, agreeably
- sādhú √vṛt (+ locative) — to behave well towards
- sādhú √kṛ — to set eight
- sādhú √ās — to be well or at ease
- well, greatly, in a high degree
- assuredly, indeed
Interjection
साधु • (sādhú)
- good! well done! bravo!
- well, enough of, away with (+instrumental)!
- well come on! (+imperative or 1. pr.)
Noun
साधु • (sādhú) m
- a good or virtuous or honest man
- a holy man, saint, sage, seer; a sadhu
- (Jainism) a जिन (jina) or deified saint
- a jeweller
- a merchant, money-lender, usurer
- (grammar) a derivative or inflected noun
- a saintly woman
- a kind of root (= मेदा (medā))
Declension
| Masculine u-stem declension of साधु | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | साधुः (sādhuḥ) | ||
| Gen. sg. | साधोः (sādhoḥ) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | साधुः (sādhuḥ) | साधू (sādhū) | साधवः (sādhavaḥ) |
| Vocative | साधो (sādho) | साधू (sādhū) | साधवः (sādhavaḥ) |
| Accusative | साधुम् (sādhum) | साधू (sādhū) | साधून् (sādhūn) |
| Instrumental | साधुना (sādhunā) | साधुभ्याम् (sādhubhyām) | साधुभिः (sādhubhiḥ) |
| Dative | साधवे (sādhave) | साधुभ्याम् (sādhubhyām) | साधुभ्यः (sādhubhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | साधोः (sādhoḥ) | साधुभ्याम् (sādhubhyām) | साधुभ्यः (sādhubhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | साधोः (sādhoḥ) | साध्वोः (sādhvoḥ) | साधूनाम् (sādhūnām) |
| Locative | साधौ (sādhau) | साध्वोः (sādhvoḥ) | साधुषु (sādhuṣu) |
Noun
साधु • (sādhú) n
- the good or right or honest, a good etc. thing or act
- साध्व् अस्ति (sādhv asti) (+dative) — it is well with
- sādhu-√man (+ accusative) — to consider a thing good, approve
- gentleness, kindness, benevolence
Declension
| Neuter u-stem declension of साधु | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | साधु (sādhu) | ||
| Gen. sg. | साधुनः (sādhunaḥ) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | साधु (sādhu) | साधुनी (sādhunī) | साधूनि (sādhūni) |
| Vocative | साधु (sādhu) | साधुनी (sādhunī) | साधूनि (sādhūni) |
| Accusative | साधु (sādhu) | साधुनी (sādhunī) | साधूनि (sādhūni) |
| Instrumental | साधुना (sādhunā) | साधुभ्याम् (sādhubhyām) | साधुभिः (sādhubhiḥ) |
| Dative | साधुने (sādhune) | साधुभ्याम् (sādhubhyām) | साधुभ्यः (sādhubhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | साधुनः (sādhunaḥ) | साधुभ्याम् (sādhubhyām) | साधुभ्यः (sādhubhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | साधुनः (sādhunaḥ) | साधुनोः (sādhunoḥ) | साधूनाम् (sādhūnām) |
| Locative | साधुनि (sādhuni) | साधुनोः (sādhunoḥ) | साधुषु (sādhuṣu) |
References
- Sir Monier Monier-Williams (1898) A Sanskrit-English dictionary etymologically and philologically arranged with special reference to cognate Indo-European languages, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 1201