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Definition 2024

懃

懃

See also: 勤

Translingual

Han character

懃 (radical 61 心+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 廿尸心 (TSP), four-corner 44332, composition ⿱勤心)

  1. courteous, cordial
  2. zealous

References

  • KangXi: page 405, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11321
  • Dae Jaweon: page 745, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2358, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+61C3

Chinese

trad. 懃
simp. 勤

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (堇) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
囏 *krɯːn
螼 *kʰrɯnʔ, *kʰrɯns
堇 *ɡrɯn, *kɯnʔ
墐 *ɡrɯn, *ɡrɯns
𥎊 *ɡrɯn
僅 *ɡrɯns
瑾 *ɡrɯns
覲 *ɡrɯns
殣 *ɡrɯns
饉 *ɡrɯns
廑 *ɡrɯns
瘽 *ɡrɯns, *ɡɯn, *ɡɯnʔ
歏 *ɡrɯns
鄞 *ŋɡrɯn, *ŋɡɯn
謹 *kɯnʔ
槿 *kɯnʔ
漌 *kɯnʔ
慬 *kɯnʔ, *ɡɯn
勤 *ɡɯn
懃 *ɡɯn
懄 *ɡɯn

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 懃
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 欣 (57)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 巨斤切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɡɨn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɡɨn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɡiən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /gɨn/
Li
Rong		 /ɡiən/
Wang
Li		 /ɡĭən/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /gi̯ən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qín
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 懃
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 qín
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ gjɨn ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ]ər/
English toil, diligent, devoted

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 懃
Reading # 1/1
No. 6752
Phonetic
component		 堇
Rime
group		 文
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 勤
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡɯn/

Definitions

懃

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Compounds

  • 慇慇懃懃／殷殷勤勤
  • 懃懃／勤勤

Japanese

Kanji

懃

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Korean

Hanja

懃 • ‎(geun) (hangeul 근, revised geun, McCune-Reischauer kŭn, Yale kun)

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Vietnamese

Han character

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