Translingual

Han character

紅 (radical 120 糸+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 女火一 (VFM), four-corner 2191₀, composition ⿰糹工)

References

• KangXi: page 916, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27243
• Dae Jaweon: page 1343, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3363, character 5
• Unihan data for U+7D05

Chinese

Glyph origin

Pronunciation

Definitions

紅

1. red

   紅色 / 红色  ―  hóngsè  ―  red (color)

2. (colloquial) popular; in vogue

   邁克爾·傑克遜沒有以前那麼紅了。 [MSC, trad.]

   迈克尔·杰克逊没有以前那么红了。 [MSC, simp.]

   Màikè'ěr Jiékèxùn méiyǒu yǐqián nàme hóng le. [Pinyin]

   Michael Jackson is not as popular as he used to be.

3. The red clothes and bunting used on festive occasions.

   披紅 / 披红  ―  pīhóng  ―  to drape in red silk as a sign of honor or for festivity

   紅包 / 红包  ―  hóngbāo  ―  red envelope / red packet

4. revolutionary; Communist; Red

   紅軍 / 红军  ―  hóngjūn  ―  Red army

5. worldly
6. women's
7. bonus; dividend

   分紅 / 分红  ―  fēnhóng  ―  distribute or draw dividends

8. (Cantonese) blood tofu

   豬紅 / 猪红 [Cantonese]  ―  zyu¹hung⁴ [Jyutping]  ―  pig blood tofu

9. A surname​. Hong

Compounds

Pronunciation

Definitions

紅

1. ^†Substitute character for 功 (gōng).
2. ^†Substitute character for 工 (gōng).

   女紅 / 女红  ―  nǚgōng  ―  the feminine arts (e.g. needlework, sewing, embroidery)

3. Placename in the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period in Chinese history, northeast of modern Tai'an, Shandong.

Pronunciation

Definitions

紅

1. ^†Substitute character for 絳／绛 (jiàng).

Japanese

Kanji

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. the color crimson, a vivid red edging towards pink

Readings

• Goon: ぐ (gu)
• Kan’on: こう (kō)
• Kan’yōon: く (ku)
• Kun: くれない (kurenai), べに (beni), あか (aka), あか.い (aka.i), もみ (momi)
• Nanori: くれ (kure), もみ (momi)

紅 (kurenai, beni): hexadecimal color code #D71345

紅 (kurenai, beni): the safflower, Carthamus tinctorius

Etymology 1

Originally a compound of 呉 ‎(Kure, “China”) +‎ の ‎(no, “possessive particle”) +‎ 藍 (ai, “indigo”: by extension, “dye”). The 紅花 ‎(benibana) plant (the safflower), from which the kurenai color dye was extracted, was brought to Japan from China.

/kure no ai/ → /kurenai/

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• IPA^(key): [kɯᵝɺ̠e̞na̠i]

Noun

紅 ‎(hiragana くれない, romaji kurenai, historical hiragana くれなゐ)

1. the color crimson, a vivid red edging towards pink
2. the benibana or safflower from which this color is extracted, Carthamus tinctorius

Synonyms

• (color): 紅色 (くれないいろ) ‎(kurenaiiro), 紅色 (べにいろ) ‎(beniiro)
• (plant): 紅花 (べにばな) ‎(benibana)

紅 (beni): lipstick

紅 (beni): rouge

Etymology 2

Derivation unclear. Few native Japanese words begin with voiced plosives, suggesting that this term was borrowed. May be from Okinawan bin as in 紅型 ‎(bingata, a type of brightly colored Okinawan dying technique), though that derivation is also unclear.

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• IPA^(key): [be̞ni]

Noun

紅 ‎(hiragana べに, romaji beni)

1. the color crimson, a vivid red edging towards pink
2. the benibana or safflower from which this color is extracted, Carthamus tinctorius
3. the crimson pigment extracted from the benibana, used in cosmetics and as a food coloring
4. rouge, a red cosmetic traditionally made from the benibana
5. lipstick or lip liner, also traditionally made from the benibana

Synonyms

• (color): 紅色 (くれないいろ) ‎(kurenaiiro), 紅色 (べにいろ) ‎(beniiro)
• (plant): 紅花 (べにばな) ‎(benibana)
• (pigment): 臙脂 (えんじ) ‎(enji): often slightly darker than beni
• (rouge): 頬紅 (ほおべに) ‎(hōbeni)
• (lipstick): 口紅 (くちべに) ‎(kuchibeni)

紅 (aka): hexadecimal color code #FF0000

Etymology 3

Alternate spelling for 赤 ‎(aka, “red”).

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• IPA^(key): [a̠ka̠]

Alternative forms

• 赤, 朱, 緋

  The 赤 spelling is the most common.

Noun

紅 ‎(hiragana あか, romaji aka)

1. the color red

   See the 赤 entry for the full list of definitions.

紅 (momi): A princess doll showing the momi kimono liner.

Etymology 4

From 揉み ‎(momi, “kneading”, stem form of verb momu), by extension from the kneading of cloth during the dying process.

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• IPA^(key): [mo̞mi]

Alternative forms

• 紅絹

Noun

紅 ‎(hiragana もみ, romaji momi)

1. silk cloth dyed an even shade of one color, often a deep gold dyed again with kurenai, traditionally used as a kimono liner

Synonyms

• 本紅 (ほんもみ) ‎(honmomi)

紅 (kō): hexadecimal color code #D71345

Etymology 5

From Middle Chinese.

Pronunciation

• On'yomi
• IPA^(key): [ko̞ː]

Noun

紅 ‎(hiragana こう, romaji kō)

1. the kurenai color: the color crimson, a vivid red edging towards pink

Idioms

• 紅をさす (こうをさす, kō o sasu); 紅を潮す (こうをちょうす, kō o chōsu): to show the crimson ⇒ to blush or flush, to go red in the face, as from shame or anger
• 紅一点 ‎(こういってん, kō itten): a single point of crimson ⇒ the one different thing in a field of sameness; often refers to a lone woman in a crowd of men

Derived terms

Korean

Hanja

紅 • ‎(hong, gong) (hangeul 홍, 공, McCune-Reischauer hong, kong, Yale hong, kong)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

紅 (hồng, hường)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.