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Definition 2024
草
草
Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
Han character
草 (radical 140 艸+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿日十 (TAJ), four-corner 44406, composition ⿱艹早)
Derived characters
References
- KangXi: page 1030, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30945
- Dae Jaweon: page 1489, character 14
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3203, character 4
- Unihan data for U+8349
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
草 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 草
| |
|---|---|
| Large seal script | Small seal script |
 |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (早) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 早 | *ʔsuːʔ |
| 草 | *sʰuːʔ |
| 愺 | *sʰuːʔ |
| 騲 | *sʰuːʔ |
| 皁 | *zuːʔ |
| 皂 | *zuːʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sʰuːʔ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 早 (OC *ʔsuːʔ).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cou2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhó
- Min Dong (BUC): chāu / chō̤
- Min Nan (POJ): chháu / chhó
- Wu (Wiktionary): tshau (T2)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄠˇ
- Wade-Giles: ts'ao3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsao
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: cou2
- Yale: chóu
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsou2
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰou̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhó
- Hakka Romanization System: co`
- Hagfa Pinyim: co3
- IPA: /t͡sʰo³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chāu / chō̤
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰau³³/, /t͡sʰo³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chháu / chhó
- Tâi-lô: tsháu / tshó
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhao, zhoir
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰaʊ⁵³/, /t͡sʰɤ⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰaʊ⁵⁵⁴/, /t͡sʰɤ⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰaʊ⁵³/, /t͡sʰɤ⁵³/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰaʊ⁵³/, /t͡sʰo⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰaʊ⁴¹/, /t͡sʰɤ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: tshau (T2)
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰɔ³⁴/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 草 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡sʰɑu²¹⁴/ |
| Harbin | /t͡sʰau²¹³/ | |
| Tianjin | /t͡sʰɑu¹³/ | |
| Jinan | /t͡sʰɔ⁵⁵/ | |
| Qingdao | /t͡sʰɔ⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /t͡sʰau⁵³/ | |
| Xi'an | /t͡sʰau⁵³/ | |
| Xining | /t͡sʰɔ⁵³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /t͡sʰɔ⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /t͡sʰɔ⁴⁴²/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡sʰɔ⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡sʰau⁴²/ | |
| Chengdu | /t͡sʰau⁵³/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡sʰao⁴²/ | |
| Kunming | /t͡sʰɔ⁵³/ | |
| Nanjing | /t͡sʰɔo²¹²/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡sʰɔ²⁴/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰau⁵³/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡sʰɔ⁵³/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡sʰɔ⁵³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡sʰɔ³⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /t͡sʰæ⁵¹/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡sʰɔ⁵³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /t͡sʰɜ³⁵/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʰɔ³⁵/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡sʰə³¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sʰau⁴¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡sʰaɯ⁴²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sʰɑu²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰau³¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /t͡sʰo³¹/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sʰou³⁵/ |
| Nanning | /t͡sʰu³⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /t͡sʰou³⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) |
/t͡sʰo⁵³/ /t͡sʰau⁵³/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /t͡sʰau³²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /t͡sʰau²¹/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) |
/t͡sʰau⁵³/ /t͡sʰo⁵³/ |
|
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /sau²¹³/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 草 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 清 (14) |
| Final (韻) | 豪 (89) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 采老切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡sʰɑuX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/t͡sʰɑuX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡sʰɑuX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/t͡sʰawX/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡sʰɑuX/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡sʰɑuX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡sʰɑuX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
cǎo |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 草 | 草 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
cǎo | cǎo |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tshawX › | ‹ tshawX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[tsʰ]ˤuʔ/ | /*[tsʰ]ˤuʔ/ |
| English | grass, plants | rough, coarse |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 草 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16547 |
| Phonetic component |
早 |
| Rime group |
幽 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
草 |
| Old Chinese |
/*sʰuːʔ/ |
| Notes | 說文作艸 |
Definitions
草
- grass; straw; thatch
- herbal grasses; herbs
- (by extension) any such green, leafy plant without any bark (plants, not trees)
- draft; sketch
- sloppy; hasty
- (calligraphy) Short for 草書／草书 (cǎoshū, “cursive script (grass script)”).
Compounds
Derived terms from 草
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Japanese
Kanji
草
Readings
Compounds
Compounds
|
Synonyms
References
|
- Source: EDICT and KANJIDIC files licensed by the Electronic Dictionaries Research Group.
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 草 |
|
くさ Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
Noun
See also
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 草 |
|
そう Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi |
/sau/ → /sɔː → /soː
From Middle Chinese 草 (tshawX).
Pronunciation
Noun
草 (hiragana そう, romaji sō, historical hiragana さう)
- grass
- a draft, a rough copy
- cursive, calligraphy in a running hand
- something unofficial, an informal abbreviation or knock-off
Synonyms
- (draft): 草案 (sōan)
- (cursive): 草書 (sōsho, a document), 草仮名 (sōgana, phonetic man'yōgana characters written in cursive)
References
- 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- 1 2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
Korean
Hanja
草 • (cho)
Eumhun:
- Sound (hangeul): 초 (McCune-Reischauer: ch'o, Yale: cho)
- Name (hangeul): 풀()
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
草 (thảo, tháu, xáo thượng)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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